Alma 50:13-16 - And it came to pass that the Nephites began the foundation of a city, and they called the name of the city Moroni; and it was by the east sea; and it was on the south by the line [the narrow strip of wilderness which separated the possessions of the Nephites from the lands] of the possessions of the Lamanites. And they also began a foundation for a city between the city of Moroni and the city of Aaron, joining the borders of Aaron and Moroni; and they called the name of the city, or the land, Nephihah. And they also began in that same year [~72 BC] to build many cities on the north, one in a particular manner which they called Lehi, which was in the north by the borders of the seashore. And thus ended the twentieth year [~72 BC]. 
 

[There are two 
cities of Aaron; 
see also above].

Alma 8:13 - Now when the people [of Ammonihah (Alma 8:9)] had said this, and withstood all his words, and reviled him, and spit upon him, and caused that he should be cast out of their city, he departed thence and took his journey towards the city which was called Aaron.
 

Ether 9:3 - And the Lord warned Omer in a dream that he should depart out of the land; wherefore Omer departed out of the land with his family, and traveled many days, and came over and passed by the hill of Shim, and came over by the place where the Nephites were destroyed [Cumorah/Ramah], and from thence eastward, and came to a place which was called Ablom, by the seashore, and there he pitched his tent, and also his sons and his daughters, and all his household, save it were Jared and his family. 
 

Alma 8:6 - So that when he had finished his work at Melek he departed thence, and traveled three days’ journey on the north of the land of Melek; and he came to a city which was called Ammonihah.

Alma 8:7 - Now it was the custom of the people of Nephi to call their lands, and their cities, and their villages, yea, even all their small villages, after the name of him who first possessed them; and thus it was with the land of Ammonihah.

. Later, Alma and Amulek were miraculously preserved in the collapse of the prison in which they were being held at or near Ammonihah.Alma 14:27-28 - And it came to pass that so great was their fear that they (the captors of Alma and Amulek) fell to the earth, and did not obtain the outer door of the prison; and the earth shook mightily, and the walls of the prison were rent in twain, so that they fell to the earth; and the chief judge, and the lawyers, and priests, and teachers, who smote upon Alma and Amulek, were slain by the fall thereof. And Alma and Amulek came forth out of the prison, and they were not hurt; for the Lord had granted unto them power, according to their faith which was in Christ. And they straightway came forth out of the prison; and they were loosed from their bands; and the prison had fallen to the earth, and every soul within the walls thereof, save it were Alma and Amulek, was slain; and they straightway came forth into the city. 

Alma 15:3 - And also Zeezrom lay sick at Sidom, with a burning fever, ... [See NOTE about Zeezrom's miraculous healing at the land of Sidom.]

Alma 16:3 - And now it came to pass, before the Nephites could raise a sufficient army to drive them out of the land, they had destroyed the people who were in the city of Ammonihah, and also some around the borders of Noah, and taken others captive into the wilderness. 

Alma 16:9 - And thus ended the eleventh year of the judges, the Lamanites having been driven out of the land, and the people of Ammonihah were destroyed; yea, every living soul of the Ammonihahites was destroyed, and also their great city, which they said God could not destroy, because of its greatness. 

Alma 16:11 - Nevertheless, after many days their dead bodies were heaped up upon the face of the earth, and they were covered with a shallow covering. And now so great was the scent thereof that the people did not go in to possess the land of Ammonihah for many years. And it was called Desolation of Nehors; for they were of the profession of Nehor, who were slain; and their lands remained desolate. 

Alma 25:2 - But they took their armies and went over into the borders of the land of Zarahemla, and fell upon the people who were in the land of Ammonihah and destroyed them. 

Alma 49:14-15 - But behold, to their astonishment, the city of Noah, which had hitherto been a weak place, had now, by the means of Moroni, become strong, yea, even to exceed the strength of the city Ammonihah. And now, behold, this was wisdom in Moroni; for he had supposed that they would be frightened at the city Ammonihah; and as the city of Noah had hitherto been the weakest part of the land, therefore they would march thither to battle; and thus it was according to his desires. 

Mosiah 23:31 - And behold, they had found those priests of king Noah, in a place which they called Amulon; and they had begun to possess the land of Amulon and had begun to till the ground. 

Mosiah 23:39 - And the king of the Lamanites had granted unto Amulon [the conspiring leader of the outcast priests of wicked Nephite king Noah, after whom theland of Amulon was named (Mosiah 23:32)] that he should be a king and a ruler over his people, who were in the land of Helam; nevertheless he should have no power to do anything contrary to the will of the king of the Lamanites. 

Mosiah 24:1 - AND it came to pass that Amulon [conspiring leader of the outcast priests of wicked Nephite king Noah (Mosiah 23:32)]did gain favor in the eyes of the king of the Lamanites [king Laman (Mosiah 24:3)]; therefore, the king of the Lamanites granted unto him and his brethren that they should be appointed teachers over his people, yea, even over the people who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the land of Shilom, and in the land of Amulon.

Mosiah 24:4 - And he appointed teachers of the brethren of Amulon in every land which was possessed by his people; and thus the language of Nephi [Amulon being an apostate Nephite (Mosiah 23:32 & 24:9)] began to be taught among all the people of the Lamanites. 

Alma 24:1 - AND it came to pass that the Amalekites and the Amulonites and the Lamanites who were in the land of Amulon, and also in the land of Helam, and who were in the land of Jerusalem, and in fine, in all the land round about, ... 

Mormon 2:4 - And it came to pass that we did come to the city of Angola, and we did take possession of the city, and make preparations to defend ourselves against the Lamanites. And it came to pass that we did fortify the city [of Angola] with our might; but notwithstanding all our fortifications the Lamanites did come upon us and did drive us out of the city [of Angola]. 
 

Alma 21:11 - Therefore, when he [Aaron (Alma 21:9)] saw that they [the people at the city of Jerusalem (Alma 21:4)] would not hear his words, he departed out of their synagogue, and came over to a village which was called Ani-Anti, and there he found Muloki preaching the word unto them; and also Ammah and his brethren. And they contended with many about the word. 
 

Alma 31:3 - Now the Zoramites had gathered themselves together [~74 BC] in a land which they called Antionum, which was east of the land of Zarahemla, which lay nearly bordering upon the seashore, which was south of the land of Jershon, which also bordered upon the wilderness south, which wilderness was full of the Lamanites. [Alma taught on the nearby Hill Onidah (Alma 32:4)].

Alma 32:4 - Now, as Alma was teaching and speaking unto the people [among the apostate Zoramites, near Antionum] upon the hill Onidah, there came a great multitude unto him, who were those of whom we have been speaking, of whom were poor in heart, because of their poverty as to the things of the world. [It was upon the hill Onidah near Antionum that Alma taught the humble poor concerning faith: "... if ye will awake and arouse your faculties, even to an experiment upon my words, and exercise a particle of faith, yea, even if ye can no more than desire to believe, let this desire work in you, even until ye believe in a manner that ye can give place for a portion of my words" (Alma 32:27). And it was likely also where he taught "... we will compare the word unto a seed. Now, if ye give place, that a seed may be planted in your heart, behold, if it be a true seed, or a good seed, if ye do not cast it out by your unbelief, that ye will resist the Spirit of the Lord, behold, it will begin to swell within your breasts; and when you feel these swelling motions, ye will begin to say within yourselves—It must needs be that this is a good seed, or that the word is good, for it beginneth to enlarge my soul; yea, it beginneth to enlighten my understanding, yea, it beginneth to be delicious to me" (Alma 32:28). Alma had much conversion success among these poor Zoramites (Alma 35:14)].

Alma 43:4 - For behold, it came to pass that the Zoramites [in the land of Antionum had joined and] became Lamanites; therefore, in the commencement of the eighteenth year the people of the Nephites saw that the Lamanites were coming upon them; therefore they made preparations for war; yea, they gathered together their armies in the land of Jershon. 

Alma 43:15 - And it came to pass as the armies of the Lamanites had gathered together in the land of Antionum, behold, the armies of the Nephites were prepared to meet them [under the leadership of Moroni (Alma 43:16)] in the land of Jershon. [By this time, the pacifist people of Ammon had moved from the land of Jershon to Melek. See green note at the land of Jershon].

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 56:13-15 - And now these are the cities of which the Lamanites have obtained possession by the shedding of the blood of so many of our valiant men; The land of Manti, or the city of Manti, and the city of Zeezrom, and the city of Cumeni, and the city of Antiparah. And these are the cities which they possessed when I [Helaman (Alma 56:9)] arrived at the city of Judea; and I found Antipus and his men toiling with their might to fortify the city [of Judea]. 

Alma 56:31-36 -  And we [Helaman and his 2,000 Stripling Warriors who were sons of the pacifist people of Ammon (Alma 56:5,9)] were to march near the city of Antiparah, as if we were going to the city beyond, in the borders by the seashore. And it came to pass that we did march forth, as if with our provisions, to go to that city [by the Sea]. And it came to pass that Antipus did march forth with a part of his army, leaving the remainder to maintain the city [of Judea]. But he did not march forth until I had gone forth with my little army, and came near the city Antiparah. And now, in the city Antiparah were stationed the strongest army of the Lamanites; yea, the most numerous. And it came to pass that when they [the Lamanites] had been informed by their spies, they came forth with their army and marched against us. And it came to pass that we did flee before them, northward [into the West Wilderness]. And thus we did lead away the most powerful army of the Lamanites; ... 

Alma 57:1-4 - AND now it came to pass that I received an epistle from Ammoron, the king, stating that if I would deliver up those prisoners of war whom we had taken that he would deliver up the city of Antiparah unto us. But I sent an epistle unto the king, that we were sure our forces were sufficient to take the city of Antiparah by our force; and by delivering up the prisoners for that city we should suppose ourselves unwise, and that we would only deliver up our prisoners on exchange. And Ammoron refused mine epistle, for he would not exchange prisoners; therefore we began to make preparations to go against the city of Antiparah. But the people of Antiparah did leave the city, and fled to their other cities, which they had possession of, to fortify them; and thus the city of Antiparah fell into our hands. 

Mormon 1:3-4 - Therefore, when ye are about twenty and four years old I would that ye should remember the things that ye have observed concerning this people; and when ye are of that age go to the land Antum, unto a hill which shall be called Shim; and there have I deposited unto the Lord all the sacred engravings concerning this people. And behold, ye shall take the plates of Nephi unto yourself, and the remainder shall ye leave in the place where they are; and ye shall engrave on the plates of Nephi all the things that ye have observed concerning this people. 

Mormon 2:16-17 - And it came to pass that in the three hundred and forty and fifth year the Nephites did begin to flee before the Lamanites; and they were pursued until they came even to the land of Jashon, before it was possible to stop them in their retreat. And now, the city of Jashon was near the land where Ammaron had deposited the records unto the Lord [the land Antum, at the hill Shim], that they might not be destroyed. And behold I [Mormon] had gone according to the word of Ammaron, and taken the plates of Nephi, and did make a record according to the words of Ammaron. 

Mormon 4:23 - And now I, Mormon, seeing that the Lamanites were about to overthrow the land, therefore I did go to the hill Shim, and did take up all the records which Ammaron had hid up unto the Lord. 

Ether 9:3 - And the Lord warned Omer in a dream that he should depart out of the land; wherefore Omer departed out of the land with his family, and traveled many days, and came over and passed by the hill of Shim, and came over by the place where the Nephites were destroyed [Cumorah/Ramah], and from thence eastward, and came to a place which was called Ablom, by the seashore, and there he pitched his tent, and also his sons and his daughters, and all his household, save it were Jared and his family. 
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Mormon 4:20 - And they fled again from before them, and they came to the city Boaz; and there they did stand against the Lamanites with exceeding boldness, insomuch that the Lamanites did not beat them until they had come again the second time. 
 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 27:22 - And it came to pass that the voice of the people came, saying: Behold, we will give up the land of Jershon, which is on the east by the sea, which joins the land Bountiful, which is on the south of the land Bountiful; and this land Jershon is the land which we will give unto our brethren for an inheritance. 

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 

Alma 51:30 - And it came to pass that he headed Amalickiah also, as he was marching forth with his numerous army that he might take possession of the land Bountiful, and also the land northward. 

Alma 51:32 - And it came to pass that they did harass them, insomuch that they did slay them even until it was dark. And it came to pass that Teancum and his men did pitch their tents in the borders of the land Bountiful; and Amalickiah did pitch his tents in the borders on the beach by the seashore, and after this manner were they driven. 

Alma 52:9 - And he also sent orders unto him that he should fortify the land Bountiful, and secure the narrow pass which led into the land northward, lest the Lamanites should obtain that point and should have power to harass them on every side. 

Alma 52:15 - But behold, it came to pass in the twenty and seventh year of the reign of the judges, that Teancum, by the command of Moroni—who had established armies to protect the south and the west borders of the land, and had begun his march towards the land Bountiful, that he might assist Teancum with his men in retaking the cities which they had lost— 

Alma 52:17 - And it came to pass that Teancum made preparations to make an attack upon the city of Mulek, and march forth with his army against the Lamanites; but he saw that it was impossible that he could overpower them while they were in their fortifications; therefore he abandoned his designs and returned again to the city Bountiful, to wait for the coming of Moroni, that he might receive strength to his army. 

Alma 52:23-27 And it came to pass that the armies of the Lamanites did march forth against Teancum, supposing by their numbers to overpower Teancum because of the smallness of his numbers. And as Teancum saw the armies of the Lamanites coming out against him he began to retreat down by the seashore, northward [near the city Mulek]. And it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that he began to flee, they took courage and pursued them with vigor. And while Teancum was thus leading away the Lamanites who were pursuing them in vain, behold, Moroni commanded that a part of his army who were with him should march forth into the city [Mulek], and take possession of it. And thus they did, and slew all those who had been left to protect the city [Mulek], yea, all those who would not yield up their weapons of war. And thus Moroni had obtained possession of the city Mulek with a part of his army, while he marched with the remainder to meet the Lamanites when they should return from the pursuit of Teancum. And it came to pass that the Lamanites did pursue Teancum until they came near the city Bountiful, and then they were met by Lehi and a small army, which had been left to protect the city Bountiful.

Alma 55:26 - And it came to pass that when he had fortified the city Gid, according to his desires, he caused that his prisoners should be taken to the city Bountiful; and he also guarded that city with an exceedingly strong force. 

Alma 63:5-8 And it came to pass that Hagoth, he being an exceedingly curious man, therefore he went forth and built him an exceedingly large ship, on the borders of the land Bountiful, by the land Desolation, and launched it forth into the west sea, by the narrow neck which led into the land northward. And behold, there were many of the Nephites who did enter therein and did sail forth with much provisions, and also many women and children; and they took their course northward. And thus ended the thirty and seventh year. And in the thirty and eighth year, this man built other ships. And the first ship did also return, and many more people did enter into it; and they also took much provisions, and set out again to the land northward. And it came to pass that they were never heard of more. And we suppose that they were drowned in the depths of the sea. And it came to pass that one other ship also did sail forth; and whither she did go we know not. 

Helaman 1:23 - And now he did not tarry in the land of Zarahemla, but he did march forth with a large army, even towards the city of Bountiful; for it was his determination to go forth and cut his way through with the sword, that he might obtain the north parts of the land [the Land Northward]. 

Helaman 1:27-28 But behold, the Lamanites were not frightened according to his desire, but they had come into the center of the land, and had taken the capital city which was the city of Zarahemla, and were marching through the most capital parts of the land, slaying the people with a great slaughter, both men, women, and children, taking possession of many cities and of many strongholds. But when Moronihah had discovered this, he immediately sent forth Lehi with an army round about to head them [off] before they should come to the land Bountiful.

Helaman 4:5 - And in the fifty and seventh year they did come down against the Nephites to battle, and they did commence the work of death; yea, insomuch that in the fifty and eighth year of the reign of the judges they succeeded in obtaining possession of the land of Zarahemla; yea, and also all the lands, even unto the land which was near the land Bountiful.

Helaman 5:14-16 - And they did remember his words; and therefore they went forth, keeping the commandments of God, to teach the word of God among all the people of Nephi, beginning at the city Bountiful; And from thenceforth to the city of Gid; and from the city of Gid to the city of Mulek; And even from one city to another, until they had gone forth among all the people of Nephi who were in the land southward; and from thence into the land of Zarahemla, among the Lamanites. 

3 Nephi 3:22-23 - And it came to pass in the seventeenth year, in the latter end of the year, the proclamation of Lachoneus had gone forth throughout all the face of the land, and they had taken their horses, and their chariots, and their cattle, and all their flocks, and their herds, and their grain, and all their substance, and did march forth by thousands and by tens of thousands, until they had all gone forth to the place which had been appointed that they should gather themselves together, to defend themselves against their enemies. And the land which was appointed was the land of Zarahemla, and the land which was between the land Zarahemla and the land Bountiful, yea, to the line which was between the land Bountiful and the land Desolation. 

3 Nephi 4:23 - And it came to pass that Zemnarihah [leader of the attacking army of robbers (3 Nephi 4:17)] did give command unto his people that they should withdraw themselves from the siege [around the Nephites' place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and march into the furthermost parts of the land northward. [But the retreating army was stopped in this march by Gidgiddoni (leader of the Nephites), and defeated, and Zemnarihah was hanged (3 Nephi 4:25-28) in ~21 AD].

3 Nephi 7:9-10,12 - Now this secret combination, which had brought so great iniquity upon the people, did gather themselves together, and did place at their head a man whom they did call Jacob; And they did call him their king; therefore he became a king over this wicked band; and he was one of the chiefest who had given his voice against the prophets who testified of Jesus. ... Therefore, Jacob seeing that their enemies were more numerous than they, he being the king of the band, therefore he commanded his people that they should take their flight into the northernmost part of the land [likely into the land northward, and quite possibly from the place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and there build up unto themselves a kingdom, until they were joined by dissenters (for he flattered them that there would be many dissenters), and they become sufficiently strong to contend with the tribes of the people; and they did so [in ~29 AD, becoming the people of king Jacob, and possibly founding the city of Jacobugath; see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities].

3 Nephi 11:1 - AND now it came to pass that there were a great multitude gathered together, of the people of Nephi, round about the temple which was in the land Bountiful; and they were marveling and wondering one with another, and were showing one to another the great and marvelous change which had taken place [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following His crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem].

Alma 56:31-36 -  And we [Helaman and his 2,000 Stripling Warriors who were sons of the pacifist people of Ammon (Alma 56:5,9)] were to march near the city of Antiparah, as if we were going to the city beyond, in the borders by the seashore. And it came to pass that we did march forth, as if with our provisions, to go to that city [by the Sea]. And it came to pass that Antipus did march forth with a part of his army, leaving the remainder to maintain the city [of Judea]. But he did not march forth until I had gone forth with my little army, and came near the city Antiparah. And now, in the city Antiparah were stationed the strongest army of the Lamanites; yea, the most numerous. And it came to pass that when they [the Lamanites] had been informed by their spies, they came forth with their army and marched against us. And it came to pass that we did flee before them, northward [into the West Wilderness]. And thus we did lead away the most powerful army of the Lamanites; ... 
 

Ether 14:27 - And so terrible was the destruction among the armies of Shiz that the people began to be frightened, and began to flee before the armies of Coriantumr; and they fled to the land of Corihor, and swept off the inhabitants before them, all them that would not join them. 

Ether 14:28 - And they [the army of Shiz (Ether 14:27)] pitched their tents in the valley of Corihor; and Coriantumr pitched his tents in the valley of Shurr. Now the valley of Shurr was near the hill Comnor; wherefore, Coriantumr did gather his armies together upon the hill Comnor, and did sound a trumpet unto the armies of Shiz to invite them forth to battle. 

[We infer that the valley of Corihor was within hailing distance by a trumpet blast from the hill Comnor (Ether 14:28)].
 

Alma 56:13-15 - And now these are the cities of which the Lamanites have obtained possession by the shedding of the blood of so many of our valiant men; The land of Manti, or the city of Manti, and the city of Zeezrom, and the city of Cumeni, and the city of Antiparah. And these are the cities which they possessed when I [Helaman (Alma 56:9)] arrived at the city of Judea; and I found Antipus and his men toiling with their might to fortify the city [of Judea]. 

Alma 57:7,8,12 - And it came to pass that it was our desire to wage a battle with the army which was placed to protect the city Cumeni. And now behold, I will show unto you that we soon accomplished our desire; yea, with our strong force, or with a part of our strong force, we did surround, by night, the city Cumeni, a little before they were to receive a supply of provisions. ... And it came to pass that not many days had passed away before the Lamanites began to lose all hopes of succor; therefore they yielded up the city [of Cumeni] unto our hands; and thus we had accomplished our designs in obtaining the city Cumeni.

Alma 57:31,34 - And they cried unto us, saying—Behold, the armies of the Lamanites are marching towards the city of Cumeni; and behold, they will fall upon them, yea, and will destroy our people. ... And behold, when they had fled and we could not overtake them, we took our march with speed towards the city Cumeni; and behold, we did arrive in time that we might assist our brethren in preserving the city.

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Mormon 6:2,4 - And I, Mormon, wrote an epistle unto the king of the Lamanites, and desired of him that he would grant unto us that we might gather together our people unto the land of Cumorah, by a hill which was called Cumorah, and there we could give them battle. ... And it came to pass that we did march forth to the land of Cumorah, and we did pitch our tents around about the hill Cumorah; and it was in a land of many waters, rivers, and fountains; and here we had hope to gain advantage over the Lamanites. 

Mormon 6:5-6,11 - And when three hundred and eighty and four years [~385 AD] had passed away, we had gathered in all the remainder of our people unto the land of Cumorah. And it came to pass that when we had gathered in all our people in one to the land of Cumorah, behold I, Mormon, began to be old; and knowing it to be the last struggle of my people, and having been commanded of the Lord that I should not suffer the records which had been handed down by our fathers, which were sacred, to fall into the hands of the Lamanites, (for the Lamanites would destroy them) therefore I made this record [from which was translated most all the Book of Mormon] out of the plates of Nephi, and hid up in the hill Cumorah all the records which had been entrusted to me by the hand of the Lord, save it were these few plates which I gave unto my son Moroni. ... And when they had gone through and hewn down all my people save it were twenty and four of us, (among whom was my son Moroni) and we having survived the dead of our people, did behold on the morrow, when the Lamanites had returned unto their camps, from the top of the hill Cumorah, the ten thousand of my people who were hewn down, being led in the front by me. 

This was the same place where just over ~500 years earlier the entire Jaredite nation (something like 6,000,000 souls - Ether 15:2) had finished destroying themselves (Ether 15:11-33).

Ether 15:2 - He saw that there had been slain by the sword already nearly two millions of his people, and he began to sorrow in his heart; yea, there had been slain two millions of mighty men, and also their wives and their children.

Ether 15:11 - [These are Moroni's comments as he abridged the record]. And it came to pass that the army of Coriantumr did pitch their tents by the hill Ramah[between ~279 and ~130 BC]; and it was that same hill [that the Nephites called the hill Cumorah] where my father Mormon did hide up [in ~385 AD (Mormon 6:6)] the records unto the Lord, which were sacred. 
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Mormon 2:5 - And they did also drive us forth out of the land of David.
 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 46:17 - And it came to pass that when he [Moroni, Nephite commander] had poured out his soul to God, he named all the land which was south of the land Desolation, yea, and in fine, all the land, both on the north and on the south—A chosen land, and the land of liberty. 

Alma 50:33-34 - Therefore Moroni sent an army, with their camp, to head [off] the people of Morianton, to stop their flight into the land northward. And it came to pass that they did not head them [off] until they had come to the borders of the land Desolation; and there they did head them [off], by the narrow pass which led by the sea into the land northward, yea, by the sea, on the west and on the east. 

Alma 63:5-8 And it came to pass that Hagoth, he being an exceedingly curious man, therefore he went forth and built him an exceedingly large ship, on the borders of the land Bountiful, by the land Desolation, and launched it forth into the west sea, by the narrow neck which led into the land northward. And behold, there were many of the Nephites who did enter therein and did sail forth with much provisions, and also many women and children; and they took their course northward. And thus ended the thirty and seventh year. And in the thirty and eighth year, this man built other ships. And the first ship did also return, and many more people did enter into it; and they also took much provisions, and set out again to the land northward. And it came to pass that they were never heard of more. And we suppose that they were drowned in the depths of the sea. And it came to pass that one other ship also did sail forth; and whither she did go we know not. 

3 Nephi 3:22-23 - 22 And it came to pass in the seventeenth year, in the latter end of the year, the proclamation of Lachoneus had gone forth throughout all the face of the land, and they had taken their horses, and their chariots, and their cattle, and all their flocks, and their herds, and their grain, and all their substance, and did march forth by thousands and by tens of thousands, until they had all gone forth to the place which had been appointed that they should gather themselves together, to defend themselves against their enemies. And the land which was appointed was the land of Zarahemla, and the land which was between the land Zarahemla and the land Bountiful, yea, to the line which was between the land Bountiful and the land Desolation.

3 Nephi 4:23 - And it came to pass that Zemnarihah [leader of the attacking army of robbers (3 Nephi 4:17)] did give command unto his people that they should withdraw themselves from the siege [around the Nephites' place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and march into the furthermost parts of the land northward. [But the retreating army was stopped in this march by Gidgiddoni (leader of the Nephites), and defeated, and Zemnarihah was hanged (3 Nephi 4:25-28) in ~21 AD].

3 Nephi 7:9-10,12 - Now this secret combination, which had brought so great iniquity upon the people, did gather themselves together, and did place at their head a man whom they did call Jacob; And they did call him their king; therefore he became a king over this wicked band; and he was one of the chiefest who had given his voice against the prophets who testified of Jesus. ... Therefore, Jacob seeing that their enemies were more numerous than they, he being the king of the band, therefore he commanded his people that they should take their flight into the northernmost part of the land [likely into the land northward, and quite possibly from the place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and there build up unto themselves a kingdom, until they were joined by dissenters (for he flattered them that there would be many dissenters), and they become sufficiently strong to contend with the tribes of the people; and they did so [in ~29 AD, becoming the people of king Jacob, and possibly founding the city of Jacobugath; see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities].

Mormon 3:5 - And it came to pass that I [Mormon (Mormon 3:11)] did cause my people that they should gather themselves together at the land Desolation, to a city [Desolation] which was in the borders, by the narrow pass which led into the land southward [~360 AD (Mormon 3:4)]. 

Mormon 4:3,6-8,13-14 - And the remainder did flee and join the inhabitants of the city Teancum. Now the city Teancum lay in the borders by the seashore; and it was also near the city Desolation.  ... And it came to pass that the Lamanites did make preparations to come against the city Teancum. And it came to pass in the three hundred and sixty and fourth year [~364 AD] the Lamanites did come against the city Teancum, that they might take possession of the city Teancum also. And it came to pass that they were repulsed and driven back by the Nephites. And when the Nephites saw that they had driven the Lamanites they did again boast of their own strength; and they went forth in their own might, and took possession again of the city Desolation. ... And it came to pass that the Lamanites did take possession of the city Desolation, and this because their number did exceed the number of the Nephites. And they did also march forward against the city Teancum, and did drive the inhabitants forth out of her, and did take many prisoners both women and children, and did offer them up as sacrifices unto their idol gods. 

Mormon 4:19 - And it came to pass that the Lamanites did come down against the city Desolation; and there was an exceedingly sore battle fought in the land Desolation, in the which they did beat the Nephites. 

[NOTE-2: Helaman 3:4-6 observes that "Yea, and even they did spread forth into all parts of the land, into whatever parts it had not been rendered desolate and without timber, because of the many inhabitants who had before inherited the land. And now no part of the land was desolate, save it were for timber; but because of the greatness of the destruction of the people who had before inhabited the land it was called desolate."]

[NOTE-3: On our map we show the city of Teancum South of the city of Desolation. If the Nephite and the Lamanite armies, who were fighting over both cities in ~363-375 AD were positioned such that the Lamanites were always advancing from the South, and the Nephites were always approaching from (or retreating to) the North, as seems likely, then the city of Teancum is likely to the North of the city of Desolation because the sequence is usually that the Lamanites attack the city of Desolation first, then the Nephite survivors retreat to the city of Teancum (Mormon 4:1-8, then 4:13-20). An additional complication is described in Alma 50 where Moroni's army is seeking to head off Morianton and his group who are attempting to escape from Morianton towards the North (Alma 50:29). Moroni headed them off at the borders of the land Desolation (Alma 50:34) after he feared that Morianton might convince the people at Bountiful to join him (Alma 50:32). According to our map, Morianton would already have passed Bountiful if he encountered Moroni at the borders of the land Desolation, suggesting the possibility that Bountiful and Desolation are also reversed in their North-South orientation. At any rate, the city of Teancum is nearby to the city of Desolation and both are nearby the land Bountiful. For now, we leave the map as it is. ... Here is a link to the city of Teancum, and another to the land Bountiful.]

In all the land southward Moroni raised his Title of Liberty and proclaimed (Alma 46:17) in ~73 BC all the land south of the land Desolation to be a chosen land and a land of liberty to the Nephites (Alma 46:13-16). The Amalikiahites (who wanted Amalikiah to be crowned king) had fled from the land of Zarahemla (Alma 46:33) to the land of Nephi (Alma 46:29) at the approach of Chief Captain Moroni (Alma 46:29-30) and his army.
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[It stretched from the River Sidon to the seashore of the Sea East (Alma 50:9,11)].

Alma 25:8 - Now this martyrdom caused that many of their brethren should be stirred up to anger; and there began to be contention in the wilderness; and the Lamanites began to hunt the seed of Amulon and his brethren and began to slay them; and they fled into the east wilderness.

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 50:7 - And it came to pass that Moroni caused that his armies should go forth into the east wilderness; yea, and they went forth and drove all the Lamanites who were in the east wilderness into their own lands, which were south of the land of Zarahemla. 

Alma 50:9 - And it came to pass that when Moroni had driven all the Lamanites out of the east wilderness, which was north of the lands of their own possessions, he caused that the inhabitants who were in the land of Zarahemla and in the land round about should go forth into the east wilderness, even to the borders by the seashore, and possess the land. [This ~71 BC resettlement may have included the east wilderness and all the cities along the east coast north of the narrow strip of wilderness, witness their setting of the foundations of the new city of Moroni (Alma 50:13) and also the new cities of Nephihah and Lehi (Alma 50:14-15). These were confident, prosperous, and happy times for the Nephites (Alma 50:18,23)].

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 
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3 Nephi 9:9-10 - And behold, that great city Jacobugath, which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob, have I caused to be burned with fire because of their sins and their wickedness, which was above all the wickedness of the whole earth, because of their secret murders and combinations; for it was they that did destroy the peace of my people and the government of the land; therefore I did cause them to be burned, to destroy them from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up unto me any more against them. And behold, the city of Laman, and the city of Josh, and the city of Gad, and the city of Kishkumen, have I caused to be burned with fire, and the inhabitants thereof, because of their wickedness in casting out the prophets, and stoning those whom I did send to declare unto them concerning their wickedness and their abominations. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

3 Nephi 9:8 - And behold, the city of Gadiandi, and the city of Gadiomnah, and the city of Jacob, and the city of Gimgimno, all these have I caused to be sunk, and made hills and valleys in the places thereof; and the inhabitants thereof have I buried up in the depths of the earth, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up any more unto me against them. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

3 Nephi 9:8 - And behold, the city of Gadiandi, and the city of Gadiomnah, and the city of Jacob, and the city of Gimgimno, all these have I caused to be sunk, and made hills and valleys in the places thereof; and the inhabitants thereof have I buried up in the depths of the earth, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up any more unto me against them. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

Alma 55:16 - And now this was according to the design of Moroni. And Moroni had prepared his men with weapons of war; and he went to the city Gid, while the Lamanites were in a deep sleep and drunken, and cast in weapons of war unto the prisoners, insomuch that they were all armed; 

Alma 55:26 - And it came to pass that when he had fortified the city Gid, according to his desires, he caused that his prisoners should be taken to the city Bountiful; and he also guarded that city with an exceedingly strong force. 

Helaman 5:14-16 - And they did remember his words; and therefore they went forth, keeping the commandments of God, to teach the word of God among all the people of Nephi, beginning at the city Bountiful; And from thenceforth to the city of Gid; and from the city of Gid to the city of Mulek; And even from one city to another, until they had gone forth among all the people of Nephi who were in the land southward; and from thence into the land of Zarahemla, among the Lamanites. 

Alma 2:15,20 - And it came to pass that the Amlicites came upon the hill Amnihu, which was east of the river Sidon, which ran by the land of Zarahemla, and there they began to make war with the Nephites. ... And it came to pass that when Alma could pursue the Amlicites no longer he caused that his people should pitch their tents in the valley of Gideon, the valley being called after that Gideon who was slain by the hand of Nehor with the sword; and in this valley the Nephites did pitch their tents for the night. 

Alma 6:7 - And now it came to pass that when Alma had made these regulations he departed from them, yea, from the church which was in the city of Zarahemla, and went over upon the east of the river Sidon, into the valley of Gideon, there having been a city built, which was called the city of Gideon, which was in the valley that was called Gideon, being called after the man who was slain by the hand of Nehor with the sword. 

Alma 8:1 - AND now it came to pass that Alma returned from the land of Gideon, after having taught the people of Gideon many things which cannot be written, having established the order of the church, according as he had before done in the land of Zarahemla, yea, he returned to his own house at Zarahemla to rest himself from the labors which he had performed. 

Alma 17:1 - AND now it came to pass that as Alma was journeying from the land of Gideon southward, away to the land of Manti, behold, to his astonishment, he met with the sons of Mosiah journeying towards the land of Zarahemla. 

Alma 61:5 - And behold, they have driven me out before them [from his judgment-seat in Zarahemla], and I have fled to the land of Gideon, with as many men as it were possible that I could get. 

Alma 62:6 - And thus, when Moroni had gathered together whatsoever men he could in all his march, he came to the land of Gideon; and uniting his forces with those of Pahoran they became exceedingly strong, even stronger than the men of Pachus, who was the king of those dissenters who had driven the freemen out of the land of Zarahemla and had taken possession of the land. 

3 Nephi 9:6 - And behold, the city of Gilgal have I caused to be sunk, and the inhabitants thereof to be buried up in the depths of the earth;

3 Nephi 9:8 - And behold, the city of Gadiandi, and the city of Gadiomnah, and the city of Jacob, and the city of Gimgimno, all these have I caused to be sunk, and made hills and valleys in the places thereof; and the inhabitants thereof have I buried up in the depths of the earth, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up any more unto me against them. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
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[Hagoth's ships departed from the west side of the Narrow Neck of Land. (~55 BC; Alma 63:5). Apparently Hagoth did not sail on the first cruise (Alma 63:7), but rather stayed and built other ships.]

Alma 63:5-8 And it came to pass that Hagoth, he being an exceedingly curious man, therefore he went forth and built him an exceedingly large ship, on the borders of the land Bountiful, by the land Desolation, and launched it forth into the west sea, by the narrow neck which led into the land northward. And behold, there were many of the Nephites who did enter therein and did sail forth with much provisions, and also many women and children; and they took their course northward. And thus ended the thirty and seventh year. And in the thirty and eighth year, this man built other ships. And the first ship did also return, and many more people did enter into it; and they also took much provisions, and set out again to the land northward. And it came to pass that they were never heard of more. And we suppose that they were drowned in the depths of the sea. And it came to pass that one other ship also did sail forth; and whither she did go we know not. 

"We thank Thee, that thousands and tens of thousands of the descendants of Lehi, in this favored land, have come to a knowledge of the gospel, many of whom have endured faithfully to the end of their lives. We thank Thee, our Father and our God, that those who are living and who have embraced the gospel are now to have the privilege of entering into this holy house, and laboring for the salvation of the souls of their ancestors." .

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 

Alma 56:25 - Neither durst they march down against the city of Zarahemla; neither durst they cross the head of [the river] Sidon, over to the city of Nephihah. 

Mosiah 23:1,3,4 - NOW Alma, having been warned of the Lord that the armies of king Noah would come upon them, and having made it known to his people, therefore they gathered together their flocks, and took of their grain, and departed [likely from the waters of Mormon, the place of Mormon and/or the forest of Mormon (Mosiah 18:30,31,34)] into the wilderness before the armies of king Noah. ... And they fled eight days’ journey into the wilderness. ... And they came to a land [land of Helam], yea, even a very beautiful and pleasant land, a land of pure water. 

Mosiah 23:19-20 - And it came to pass that they began to prosper exceedingly in the land; and they called the land Helam. And it came to pass that they did multiply and prosper exceedingly in the land of Helam; and they built a city, which they called the city of Helam.

Mosiah 23:25 - For behold, it came to pass that while they were in the land of Helam, yea, in the city of Helam, while tilling the land round about, behold an army of the Lamanites was in the borders of the land. 

Mosiah 23:29 - And it came to pass that the Lord did soften the hearts of the Lamanites. And Alma and his brethren went forth and delivered themselves up into their hands; and the Lamanites took possession of the land of Helam.

Mosiah 23:35 - And Amulon [the conspiring leader of the outcast priests of wicked king Noah, after whom the land of Amulon was named (Mosiah 23:32)] and his brethren did join the Lamanites, and they were traveling in the wilderness in search of the land of Nephi when they discovered the land of Helam, which was possessed by Alma and his brethren. 

Mosiah 23:39 - And the king of the Lamanites had granted unto Amulon that he should be a king and a ruler over his people, who were in the land of Helam; nevertheless he should have no power to do anything contrary to the will of the king of the Lamanites. 

Mosiah 27:16 - Now I say unto thee: Go, and remember the captivity of thy fathers in the land of Helam, and in the land of Nephi; ... 

Alma 24:1 - AND it came to pass that the Amalekites and the Amulonites and the Lamanites who were in the land of Amulon, and also in the land of Helam, and who were in the land of Jerusalem, and in fine, in all the land round about, ... 

Alma 2:36-37 - And they fled before the Nephites towards the wilderness which was west and north, away beyond the borders of the land; and the Nephites did pursue them with their might, and did slay them. Yea, they were met on every hand, and slain and driven, until they were scattered on the west, and on the north, until they had reached the wilderness, which was called Hermounts; and it was that part of the wilderness which was infested by wild and ravenous beasts. 
 

Ether 8:2 - And Jared rebelled against his father, and came and dwelt in the land of Heth. And it came to pass that he did flatter many people, because of his cunning words, until he had gained the half of the kingdom. 
 

Alma 2:15,20 - And it came to pass that the Amlicites came upon the hill Amnihu, which was east of the river Sidon, which ran by the land of Zarahemla, and there they began to make war with the Nephites. ... And it came to pass that when Alma could pursue the Amlicites no longer he caused that his people should pitch their tents in the valley of Gideon, the valley being called after that Gideon who was slain by the hand of Nehor with the sword; and in this valley the Nephites did pitch their tents for the night. 

[We note that the placement of the Hill Amnihu may be too far south. Above, we see that the the Nephites pursued the Amlicites from the Hill Amnihu toward the valley of Gideon. But when the Nephite spies followed the Amlicites beyond the valley of Gideon, the latter encountered the Lamanites with whom they formed a coalition at Minon (Alma 2:24, pretty clearly south of Zarahemla). If the Hill Amnihu were somewhere north of the valley of Gideon, it would seem more likely that in going beyond the valley of Gideon, they might encounter Minon yet further to the South, and west across the river Sidon. Perhaps in a revision we will relocate the Hill Amnihu to a more plausible location, somewhere to the north of the valley of Gideon. Meantime, please make a suggestion if you have a good idea where to put it.]
 

Ether 14:28 - And they [the army of Shiz (Ether 14:27)] pitched their tents in the valley of Corihor; and Coriantumr pitched his tents in the valley of Shurr. Now the valley of Shurr was near the hill Comnor; wherefore, Coriantumr did gather his armies together upon the hill Comnor, and did sound a trumpet unto the armies of Shiz to invite them forth to battle. 

[We infer that the valley of Corihor was within hailing distance by a trumpet blast from the hill Comnor (Ether 14:28)].
 

Ether 7:9 - Wherefore, he [Shule, son of Kib (Ether 7:7)] came to the hill Ephraim, and he did molten out of the hill, and made swords out of steel for those whom he had drawn away with him; and after he had armed them with swords he returned to the city Nehor, and gave battle unto his brother Corihor, by which means he obtained the kingdom and restored it unto his father Kib.  

[If Shule and his associates did not exhaust the iron ore deposit, and if it is still present, perhaps a modern search could disclose its location].  

[This is the hill near Shilom where Ammon and his men camped prior to entering the land of Nephi.]
Mosiah 7:5 - And when they had wandered forty days they came to a hill, which is north of the land of Shilom, and there they pitched their tents.

[This is the direction from which the Lamanites attacked many years later, after Ammon and his people had setted in the cities of Nephi and Shilom.]
Mosiah 9:6-7 - And I went in unto the king, and he covenanted with me that I might possess the land of Lehi-Nephi, and the land of Shilom. And he also commanded that his people should depart out of the land, and I and my people went into the land that we might possess it.

Mosiah 10:8 - And it came to pass that [much later] they came up upon the north of the land of Shilom, with their numerous hosts, men armed with bows, and with arrows, and with swords, and with cimeters, and with stones, and with slings; and they had their heads shaved that they were naked; and they were girded with a leathern girdle about their loins.
 

Alma 43:31-35 - Therefore, he divided his army and brought a part over into the valley, and concealed them on the east, and on the south of the hill Riplah; And the remainder he concealed in the west valley, on the west of the river Sidon, and so down into the borders of the land Manti. And thus having placed his army according to his desire, he was prepared to meet them. And it came to pass that the Lamanites came up on the north of the hill [Riplah], where a part of the army of Moroni was concealed [on its East and South sides]. And as the Lamanites had passed the hill Riplah [likely on its North side (Alma 43:34)], and came into the [West] valley, and began to cross the river Sidon, the army which was concealed on the south of the hill [Riplah], which was led by a man whose name was Lehi, and he led his army forth and encircled the Lamanites about on the east in their rear. 

Alma 17:19 - And Ammon went to the land of Ishmael, the land being called after the sons of Ishmael, who also became Lamanites. 

Alma 21:21 - And he did rejoice over them, and he did teach them many things. And he did also declare unto them that they were a people who were under him, and that they were a free people, that they were free from the oppressions of the king, his father [who was the Lamanite king over the land of Nephi (Alma 20:8)]; for that his father had granted unto him that he might reign over the people who were in the land of Ishmael, and in all the land round about.

Alma 22:1 - NOW, as Ammon was thus teaching the people of Lamoni continually, we will return to the account of Aaron and his brethren; for after he departed from the land of Middoni he was led by the Spirit to the land of Nephi, even to the house of the king which was over all the land save it were the land of Ishmael; and he was the father of Lamoni. 

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

Alma 24:5 - Now when Ammon and his brethren and all those who had come up with him saw the preparations of the Lamanites to destroy their brethren, they came forth to the land of Midian, and there Ammon met all his brethren; and from thence they came to the land of Ishmael that they might hold a council with Lamoni and also with his brother [the king (Alma 24:3) whose name was] Anti-Nephi-Lehi, what they should do to defend themselves against the Lamanites. 

Alma 25:13 - And it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that they could not overpower the Nephites they returned again to their own land; and many of them [who did not want to wage war] came over to dwell in the land of Ishmael and the land of Nephi, and did join themselves to the people of God, ... 

Ammon, one of the sons of King Mosiah (Mosiah 27:34), traveled to the land of Ishmael (Alma 17:19; ~90 BC) where he encountered Lamanite King Lamoni (Alma 17:21). Ammon became King Lamoni's servant, protecting King Lamoni's flocks from Lamanite rustlers (Alma 17:26-39) at the waters of Sebus (Alma 17:26). Through this action, he was able to convert King Lamoni and many of his people (see the note about the People of Ammon at the land of Jershon), and to free them from the oppression of Lamoni's father (Alma 20:8). Eventually, Ammon and his brethren converted Lamoni's father too. [About ~30 years earlier, another Ammon, a son of King Mosiah, traveled to liberate the people of Nephite King Limhi at Shilom.]

[See also the Geographic notes Re: People of Ammon at the bottom of the entrty for the land of Jershon. It provides a list of all the places where the people of Ammon arose, and also lists the places where many were not converted. This land or city is on one of those lists.]
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3 Nephi 9:8 - And behold, the city of Gadiandi, and the city of Gadiomnah, and the city of Jacob, and the city of Gimgimno, all these have I caused to be sunk, and made hills and valleys in the places thereof; and the inhabitants thereof have I buried up in the depths of the earth, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up any more unto me against them.

[NOTE-1: This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the unmapped city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.] 

[NOTE-2: Since we read that Jacob ... fled with [his people] to the "northernmost part of the land" (3 Nephi 7:12), where they presumably established the city of Jacob, we might guess that it was located somewhere to the north of the Narrow Neck of Land. Again, see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen, concerning unmapped cities.]  

3 Nephi 7:9-10,12 - Now this secret combination, which had brought so great iniquity upon the people, did gather themselves together, and did place at their head a man whom they did call Jacob; And they did call him their king; therefore he became a king over this wicked band; and he was one of the chiefest who had given his voice against the prophets who testified of Jesus. ... Therefore, Jacob seeing that their enemies were more numerous than they, he being the king of the band, therefore he commanded his people that they should take their flight into the northernmost part of the land [likely into the land northward, and quite possibly from the place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and there build up unto themselves a kingdom, until they were joined by dissenters (for he flattered them that there would be many dissenters), and they become sufficiently strong to contend with the tribes of the people; and they did so [in ~29 AD, becoming the people of king Jacob, and possibly founding the city of Jacobugath; see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities].

3 Nephi 9:9-10 - And behold, that great city Jacobugath, which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob, have I caused to be burned with fire because of their sins and their wickedness, which was above all the wickedness of the whole earth, because of their secret murders and combinations; for it was they that did destroy the peace of my people and the government of the land; therefore I did cause them to be burned, to destroy them from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up unto me any more against them. And behold, the city of Laman, and the city of Josh, and the city of Gad, and the city of Kishkumen, have I caused to be burned with fire, and the inhabitants thereof, because of their wickedness in casting out the prophets, and stoning those whom I did send to declare unto them concerning their wickedness and their abominations. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

Mormon 2:16-17 - And it came to pass that in the three hundred and forty and fifth year the Nephites did begin to flee before the Lamanites; and they were pursued until they came even to the land of Jashon, before it was possible to stop them in their retreat. And now, the city of Jashon was near the land where Ammaron had deposited the records unto the Lord [the land Antum, and the hill Shim (Mormon 1:3)], that they might not be destroyed. And behold I [Mormon] had gone according to the word of Ammaron, and taken the plates of Nephi, and did make a record according to the words of Ammaron. 
 

Alma 27:22 - And it came to pass that the voice of the people came, saying: Behold, we will give up the land of Jershon, which is on the east by the sea, which joins the land Bountiful, which is on the south of the land Bountiful; and this land Jershon is the land which we will give unto our brethren for an inheritance. 

Alma 27:26 - And it came to pass that it did cause great joy among them. And they went down into the land of Jershon, and took possession of the land of Jershon; and they were called by the Nephites the people of Ammon; therefore they were distinguished by that name ever after. 

Alma 28:1 - AND now it came to pass that after the people of Ammon were established in the land of Jershon, and a church also established in the land of Jershon, and the armies of the Nephites were set round about the land of Jershon, yea, in all the borders round about the land of Zarahemla; behold the armies of the Lamanites had followed their brethren into the wilderness. 

Alma 31:3 - Now the Zoramites had gathered themselves together [~74 BC] in a land which they called Antionum, which was east of the land of Zarahemla, which lay nearly bordering upon the seashore, which was south of the land of Jershon, which also bordered upon the wilderness south, which wilderness was full of the Lamanites. [Alma taught on the nearby Hill Onidah].

Alma 35:6 - And it came to pass that after they had found out the minds of all the people, those who were in favor of the words which had been spoken by Alma and his brethren were cast out of the land [of Antionum (Alma 31:3)]; and they were many; and they came over also into the land of Jershon.

Alma 35:13-14 And the people of Ammon departed out of the land of Jershon, and came over into the land of Melek, and gave place in the land of Jershon for the armies of the Nephites, that they might contend with the armies of the Lamanites and the armies of the Zoramites; and thus commenced a war betwixt the Lamanites and the Nephites, in the eighteenth year of the reign of the judges; and an account shall be given of their wars hereafter. And Alma, and Ammon, and their brethren, and also the two sons of Alma returned to the land of Zarahemla, after having been instruments in the hands of God of bringing many of the Zoramites to repentance; and as many as were brought to repentance were driven out of their land; but they have lands for their inheritance in the land of Jershon, and they have taken up arms to defend themselves, and their wives, and children, and their lands. 

Alma 43:4 - For behold, it came to pass that the Zoramites [in the land of Antionum had joined and] became Lamanites; therefore, in the commencement of the eighteenth year the people of the Nephites saw that the Lamanites were coming upon them; therefore they made preparations for war; yea, they gathered together their armies in the land of Jershon.

Alma 43:15 - And it came to pass as the armies of the Lamanites had gathered together in the land of Antionum, behold, the armies of the Nephites were prepared to meet them [under the leadership of Moroni (Alma 43:16)] in the land of Jershon. [By this time, the pacifist people of Ammon had moved to Melek. See green note above].

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 43:25 - Now Moroni, leaving a part of his army in the land of Jershon, lest by any means a part of the Lamanites should come into that land and take possession of the city [of Jershon], took the remaining part of his army and marched over into the land of Manti. 

Alma 21:1 - NOW when Ammon and his brethren separated themselves in the borders of the land of the Lamanites, behold Aaron took his journey towards the land which was called by the Lamanites, Jerusalem, calling it after the land of their fathers’ nativity; and it was away joining the borders of Mormon. 

Alma 21:2-3 - Now the Lamanites and the Amalekites and the people of Amulon had built a great city, which was called Jerusalem. [Both the Amalekites (Alma 43:13) and the Amulonites (Mosiah 23:35) were dissident former Nephites who had joined the Lamanites.] Now the Lamanites of themselves were sufficiently hardened, but the Amalekites and the Amulonites were still harder; therefore they did cause the Lamanites that they should harden their hearts, that they should wax strong in wickedness and their abominations.

Alma 21:4 - And it came to pass that Aaron came to the city of Jerusalem, and first began to preach to the Amalekites. And he began to preach to them in their synagogues, for they had built synagogues after the order of the Nehors; for many of the Amalekites and the Amulonites were after the order of the Nehors. 

Alma 21:11 - Therefore, when he [Aaron (Alma 21:9)] saw that they [the people at the city of Jerusalem (Alma 21:4)] would not hear his words, he departed out of their synagogue, and came over to a village which was called Ani-Anti, and there he found Muloki preaching the word unto them; and also Ammah and his brethren. And they contended with many about the word. 

Alma 24:1 - AND it came to pass that the Amalekites and the Amulonites and the Lamanites who were in the land of Amulon, and also in the land of Helam, and who were in the land of Jerusalem, and in fine, in all the land round about, ... 

3 Nephi 9:7 - Yea, and the city of Onihah and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Mocum and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Jerusalem and the inhabitants thereof; and waters have I caused to come up in the stead thereof, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints shall not come up any more unto me against them [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following his crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem in the old world]. 

[See also the Geographic notes Re: People of Ammon at the bottom of the entrty for the land of Jershon. It provides a list of all the places where the people of Ammon arose, and also lists the places where many were not converted. This land or city is on one of those lists.]
 

Mormon 5:3 - And it came to pass that the Lamanites did come against us as we had fled to the city of Jordan; but behold, they were driven back that they did not take the city at that time. 
 

3 Nephi 9:9-10 - And behold, that great city Jacobugath, which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob, have I caused to be burned with fire because of their sins and their wickedness, which was above all the wickedness of the whole earth, because of their secret murders and combinations; for it was they that did destroy the peace of my people and the government of the land; therefore I did cause them to be burned, to destroy them from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up unto me any more against them. And behold, the city of Laman, and the city of Josh, and the city of Gad, and the city of Kishkumen, have I caused to be burned with fire, and the inhabitants thereof, because of their wickedness in casting out the prophets, and stoning those whom I did send to declare unto them concerning their wickedness and their abominations. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

Mormon 2:6 - And we marched forth and came to the land of Joshua, which was in the borders west by the seashore. 
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Coordinates: [B,1]. 

Alma 56:9 - But behold, here is one thing in which we may have great joy. For behold, in the twenty and sixth year, I, Helaman, did march at the head of these two thousand young men [the 2,000 Stripling Warriors, who were sons of the pacifist people of Ammon (Alma 56:5,9)] to the city of Judea, to assist Antipus, whom ye had appointed a leader over the people of that part of the land. 

Alma 56:13-15 - And now these are the cities of which the Lamanites have obtained possession by the shedding of the blood of so many of our valiant men; The land of Manti, or the city of Manti, and the city of Zeezrom, and the city of Cumeni, and the city of Antiparah. And these are the cities which they possessed when I [Helaman (Alma 56:9)] arrived at the city of Judea; and I found Antipus and his men toiling with their might to fortify the city [of Judea].

Alma 56:18 - And now it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that Antipus had received a greater strength to his army, they were compelled by the orders of Ammoron to not come against the city of Judea, or against us, to battle. 

Helaman notes that from Judea (where he is located - Alma 56:15) other Nephite cities are to the north, and the city of Nephihah is beyond the river Sidon.
Alma 56:22 - And it came to pass that we kept spies out round about, to watch the movements of the Lamanites, that they might not pass us by night nor by day to make an attack upon our other cities which were on the northward. 
Alma 56:25 - Neither durst they march down against the city of Zarahemla; neither durst they cross the head of [the river] Sidon, over to the city of Nephihah. 

Alma 56:31-36 -  And we were to march near the city of Antiparah, as if we were going to the city beyond, in the borders by the seashore. And it came to pass that we did march forth, as if with our provisions, to go to that city [by the Sea]. And it came to pass that Antipus did march forth with a part of his army, leaving the remainder to maintain the city [of Judea]. But he did not march forth until I had gone forth with my little army, and came near the city Antiparah. And now, in the city Antiparah were stationed the strongest army of the Lamanites; yea, the most numerous. And it came to pass that when they [the Lamanites] had been informed by their spies, they came forth with their army and marched against us. And it came to pass that we did flee before them, northward [into the West Wilderness]. And thus we did lead away the most powerful army of the Lamanites; ... 

3 Nephi 9:9-10 - And behold, that great city Jacobugath, which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob, have I caused to be burned with fire because of their sins and their wickedness, which was above all the wickedness of the whole earth, because of their secret murders and combinations; for it was they that did destroy the peace of my people and the government of the land; therefore I did cause them to be burned, to destroy them from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up unto me any more against them. And behold, the city of Laman, ... the city of Josh, ... the city of Gad, [the city of Jacob,] and the city of Kishkumen, have I caused to be burned with fire, and the inhabitants thereof, because of their wickedness in casting out the prophets, and stoning those whom I did send to declare unto them concerning their wickedness and their abominations. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note immediately below concerning this and other unmapped cities.]
 

NOTE: This unmapped city may have been named after Kishkumen, the man who was the murderer of chief Judge Pahoran (Helaman 1:9), likely at Zarahemla (Helaman 1:18). The murdered Pahoran was the son of Pahoran who was the governor to whom Moroni wrote (Helaman 1:2-3, the content of the letter being in Alma 60). Because of Kishkumen's running skill and his use of secret combinations, he was not caught (Helaman 1:10-12). He was later slain, however, by a servant of Helaman (Helaman 2:8-9) when Kishkumen attempted to destroy Helaman. Gadianton's Robbers and murderers were formed from the remnants of the band of dissenters initially formed by Kishkumen (Helaman 6:18). This band was later reconstituted under Jacob (3 Nephi 7:9-10) who fled with them to the "northernmost part of the land" (3 Nephi 7:12). All this suggests the possibility that the city of Jacobugath [which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob (3 Nephi 9:9)], was located north of the Narrow Neck of Land. This raises the possibility, albeit based on big assumptions, that all the cities [Gad, Gadiandi, Gadiomnah, Gilgal [see note there; likely unrelated to the Jaredite valley of Gilgal], Gimgimno, Jacobugath, Josh, Kishkumen and Laman, and even Jacob--all mentioned in the same context as being destroyed by the Savior in 3 Nephi 9:6-10 in ~34 AD after His crucifixion at Jerusalem] were also located in the regions round about. Since this deduction contains quite a bit more conjecture than established fact, we have for now kept all these cities as unmapped cities. See also the note postulating a more southern location for the unmapped city of Gilgal.
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3 Nephi 9:9-10 - And behold, that great city Jacobugath, which was inhabited by the people of king Jacob, have I caused to be burned with fire because of their sins and their wickedness, which was above all the wickedness of the whole earth, because of their secret murders and combinations; for it was they that did destroy the peace of my people and the government of the land; therefore I did cause them to be burned, to destroy them from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints should not come up unto me any more against them. And behold, the city of Laman, and the city of Josh, and the city of Gad, and the city of Kishkumen, have I caused to be burned with fire, and the inhabitants thereof, because of their wickedness in casting out the prophets, and stoning those whom I did send to declare unto them concerning their wickedness and their abominations. [This destruction occurred in ~34 AD at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem. See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]
 

Omni 1:22 - It [a large engraved stone (Omni 1:20)] also spake a few words concerning his [Coriantumr's Jaredite] fathers. And his first parents came out from the tower [of Babel (Genesis 11:4{1-9})], at the time the Lord confounded the language of the people; and the severity of the Lord fell upon them according to his judgments, which are just; and their bones lay scattered in the land northward.  [Coriantumr was the last man alive of the Jaredites, whose place names are all lettered in RED (mainly cells in [A,2] and [A,3]), and which are shown to the North and East of Zarahemla, and north of the Narrow Neck of Land in the land Northward. Coriantumr was discovered by the people of Zarahemla; and he dwelt with them for the space of nine moons (Omni 1:21).].

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 

Alma 50:33 - Therefore Moroni sent an army, with their camp, to head [off] the people of Morianton, to stop their flight into the land northward.

Alma 50:34 - And it came to pass that they did not head them [off] until they had come to the borders of the land Desolation; and there they did head them [off], by the narrow pass which led by the sea into the land northward, yea, by the sea, on the west and on the east. 

Alma 51:30 - And it came to pass that he headed Amalickiah also, as he was marching forth with his numerous army that he might take possession of the land Bountiful, and also the land northward.

Alma 52:2 - And now, when the Lamanites saw this they were affrighted; and they abandoned their design in marching into the land northward, and retreated with all their army into the city of Mulek, and sought protection in their fortifications. 

Alma 52:9 - And he also sent orders unto him that he should fortify the land Bountiful, and secure the narrow pass which led into the land northward, lest the Lamanites should obtain that point and should have power to harass them on every side. 

Alma 63:5-8 And it came to pass that Hagoth, he being an exceedingly curious man, therefore he went forth and built him an exceedingly large ship, on the borders of the land Bountiful, by the land Desolation, and launched it forth into the west sea, by the narrow neck which led into the land northward. And behold, there were many of the Nephites who did enter therein and did sail forth with much provisions, and also many women and children; and they took their course northward. And thus ended the thirty and seventh year. And in the thirty and eighth year, this man built other ships. And the first ship did also return, and many more people did enter into it; and they also took much provisions, and set out again to the land northward. And it came to pass that they were never heard of more. And we suppose that they were drowned in the depths of the sea. And it came to pass that one other ship also did sail forth; and whither she did go we know not. 

Helaman 1:23 - And now he did not tarry in the land of Zarahemla, but he did march forth with a large army, even towards the city of Bountiful; for it was his determination to go forth and cut his way through with the sword, that he might obtain the north parts of the land [the Land Northward]. 

Helaman 3:3 And it came to pass in the forty and sixth [year], yea, there was much contention and many dissensions; in the which there were an exceedingly great many who departed out of the land of Zarahemla, and went forth unto the land northward to inherit the land. 

Helaman 3:8 - And it came to pass that they [the people of Nephi (Helaman 3:1)] did multiply and spread, and did go forth from the land southward to the land northward, and did spread insomuch that they began to cover the face of the whole earth, from the sea south to the sea north, from the sea west to the sea east. 

Helaman 3:9-11 - And the people who were in the land northward did dwell in tents, and in houses of cement [concrete], and they did suffer whatsoever tree should spring up upon the face of the land that it should grow up, that in time they might have timber to build their houses, yea, their cities, and their temples, and their synagogues, and their sanctuaries, and all manner of their buildings. And it came to pass as timber was exceedingly scarce in the land northward, they did send forth much by the way of shipping. And thus they did enable the people in the land northward that they might build many cities, both of wood and of cement [concrete]. 

Helaman 6:6 - And it came to pass that many of the Lamanites did go into the land northward; and also Nephi [the son of Helaman (Helaman 3:21 & 7:1)] and Lehi [his brother (Helaman 3:21)] went into the land northward, to preach unto the people. And thus ended the sixty and third year. 

[Our map shows only a few Nephite and Lamanite cities in the land Northward. This is only because of a lack of references to the names of these cities in the scriptures. There is no doubt that there were many, many of these cities (Helaman 3:8, 9-11, 6:6). We suppose that the more wicked among these cities were destroyed at the time of the crucifixion of the Savior at Jerusalem (3 Nephi 8:12,14; {3 Nephi 8:12-18}). See also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities.]

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Helaman 7:1-2 - BEHOLD, now it came to pass in the sixty and ninth year of the reign of the judges over the people of the Nephites, that Nephi, the son of Helaman, returned to the land of Zarahemla from the land northward. For he had been forth among the people who were in the land northward, and did preach the word of God unto them, and did prophesy many things unto them; ... 

3 Nephi 1:17-19 - And they began to know that the Son of God must shortly appear; yea, in fine, all the people upon the face of the whole earth from the west to the east, both in the land north and in the land south, were so exceedingly astonished that they fell to the earth.  [Apparently, everybody knew of the Prophesies of Samuel the Lamanite, both in the land northward and in the land southward]. For they knew that the prophets had testified of these things for many years, and that the sign which had been given was already at hand; and they began to fear because of their iniquity and their unbelief. And it came to pass that there was no darkness in all that night, but it was as light as though it was mid-day. And it came to pass that the sun did rise in the morning again, according to its proper order; and they knew that it was the day that the Lord should be born [at Jerusalem], because of the sign which had been given [by Samuel the Lamanite (Helaman 14:3)]. 

3 Nephi 3:24 - And there were a great many thousand people who were called Nephites, who did gather themselves together in this land [southward]. Now Lachoneus did cause that they should gather themselves together in the land southward, because of the great curse which was upon the land northward.

3 Nephi 4:23 - And it came to pass that Zemnarihah [leader of the attacking army of robbers (3 Nephi 4:17)] did give command unto his people that they should withdraw themselves from the siege [around the Nephites' place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and march into the furthermost parts of the land northward. [But the retreating army was stopped in this march by Gidgiddoni (leader of the Nephites), and defeated, and Zemnarihah was hanged (3 Nephi 4:25-28) in ~21 AD].

3 Nephi 7:9-10,12 - Now this secret combination, which had brought so great iniquity upon the people, did gather themselves together, and did place at their head a man whom they did call Jacob; And they did call him their king; therefore he became a king over this wicked band; and he was one of the chiefest who had given his voice against the prophets who testified of Jesus. ... Therefore, Jacob seeing that their enemies were more numerous than they, he being the king of the band, therefore he commanded his people that they should take their flight into the northernmost part of the land [likely into the land northward, and quite possibly from the place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and there build up unto themselves a kingdom, until they were joined by dissenters (for he flattered them that there would be many dissenters), and they become sufficiently strong to contend with the tribes of the people; and they did so [in ~29 AD, becoming the people of king Jacob, and possibly founding the city of Jacobugath; see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities].

3 Nephi 6:2 - And it came to pass that they had not eaten up all their provisions; therefore they did take with them all that they had not devoured, of all their grain of every kind, and their gold, and their silver, and all their precious things, and they did return to their own lands and their possessions, both on the north and on the south, both on the land northward and on the land southward. 

3 Nephi 8:12 - But behold, there was a more great and terrible destruction in the land northward; for behold, the whole face of the land was changed, because of the tempest and the whirlwinds, and the thunderings and the lightnings, and the exceedingly great quaking of the whole earth; 

4 Nephi 1:2 - And it came to pass in the thirty and sixth year [~36 AD], the people were all converted unto the Lord, upon all the face of the land [in all of both the land northward and the land southward], both Nephites and Lamanites, and there were no contentions and disputations among them, and every man did deal justly one with another. 

Mormon 2:29 - And the Lamanites did give unto us the land northward, yea, even to the narrow passage which led into the land southward. And we did give unto the Lamanites all the land southward. 

Ether 10:19-21 - And it came to pass that Lib [a Jaredite, son of Kish (Ether 1:18), who became king at his father's death (Ether 10:18)] also did that which was good in the sight of the Lord. And in the days of Lib the poisonous serpents were destroyed. Wherefore they did go into the land southward, to hunt food for the people of the land, for the land was covered with animals of the forest. And Lib also himself became a great hunter. And they built a great city [the city of Lib] by the narrow neck of land, by the place where the sea divides the land. And they did preserve the land southward for a wilderness, to get game. And the whole face of the land northward was covered with inhabitants. 
 

[Also known as Place of Fathers' First Inheritance (Alma 22:28), and the land of our first inheritance (Alma 54:12-13)].

1 Nephi 18:23-25 - And it came to pass that after we had sailed for the space of many days we did arrive at the promised land [later referred to as the place of their fathers’ first inheritance (Alma 22:28, just below)]; and we went forth upon the land, and did pitch our tents; and we did call it the promised land. And it came to pass that we did begin to till the earth, and we began to plant seeds; yea, we did put all our seeds into the earth, which we had brought from the land of Jerusalem. And it came to pass that they did grow exceedingly; wherefore, we were blessed in abundance. And it came to pass that we did find upon the land of promise, as we journeyed in the wilderness, that there were beasts in the forests of every kind, both the cow and the ox, and the ass and the horse, and the goat and the wild goat, and all manner of wild animals, which were for the use of men. And we did find all manner of ore, both of gold, and of silver, and of copper. 

Mosiah 9:1 - I, Zeniff, having been taught in all the language of the Nephites, and having had a knowledge of the land of Nephi, or of the land of our fathers’ first inheritance, ... 

Alma 22:28 - Now, the more idle part of the Lamanites lived in the wilderness, and dwelt in tents; and they were spread through the wilderness on the west, in the land of Nephi; yea, and also on the west of the land of Zarahemla, in the borders by the seashore, and on the west in the land of Nephi, in the place of their fathers’ first inheritance, and thus bordering along by the seashore.

Alma 54:12-13 - And behold, if ye do not this, I [Moroni (Alma 54:3-4, 54:14)] will come against you [Ammoron (Alma 54:4-5)] with my armies; yea, even I will arm my women and my children, and I will come against you, and I will follow you even into your own land, which is the land of our first inheritance; yea, and it shall be blood for blood, yea, life for life; and I will give you battle even until you are destroyed from off the face of the earth. Behold, I am in my anger, and also my people; ye have sought to murder us, and we have only sought to defend ourselves. But behold, if ye seek to destroy us more we will seek to destroy you; yea, and we will seek our land, the land of our first inheritance.
 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Helaman 3:8 - And it came to pass that they [the people of Nephi (Helaman 3:1)] did multiply and spread, and did go forth from the land southward to the land northward, and did spread insomuch that they began to cover the face of the whole earth, from the sea south to the sea north, from the sea west to the sea east. 

Helaman 4:8 - And thus those dissenters of the Nephites, with the help of a numerous army of the Lamanites, had obtained all the possession of the Nephites which was in the land southward. And all this was done in the fifty and eighth and ninth years of the reign of the judges [~34 BC]. 

Helaman 5:14-16 - And they did remember his words; and therefore they went forth, keeping the commandments of God, to teach the word of God among all the people of Nephi, beginning at the city Bountiful; And from thenceforth to the city of Gid; and from the city of Gid to the city of Mulek; And even from one city to another, until they had gone forth among all the people of Nephi who were in the land southward; and from thence into the land of Zarahemla, among the Lamanites. 

3 Nephi 1:17-19 - And they began to know that the Son of God must shortly appear; yea, in fine, all the people upon the face of the whole earth from the west to the east, both in the land north and in the land south, were so exceedingly astonished that they fell to the earth.  [Apparently, everybody knew of the Prophesies of Samuel the Lamanite, both in the land northward and in the land southward]. For they knew that the prophets had testified of these things for many years, and that the sign which had been given was already at hand; and they began to fear because of their iniquity and their unbelief. And it came to pass that there was no darkness in all that night, but it was as light as though it was mid-day. And it came to pass that the sun did rise in the morning again, according to its proper order; and they knew that it was the day that the Lord should be born [at Jerusalem], because of the sign which had been given [by Samuel the Lamanite (Helaman 14:3)]. 

3 Nephi 3:24 - And there were a great many thousand people who were called Nephites, who did gather themselves together in this land [southward]. Now Lachoneus did cause that they should gather themselves together in the land southward, because of the great curse which was upon the land northward. 

3 Nephi 6:2 - And it came to pass that they had not eaten up all their provisions; therefore they did take with them all that they had not devoured, of all their grain of every kind, and their gold, and their silver, and all their precious things, and they did return to their own lands and their possessions, both on the north and on the south, both on the land northward and on the land southward.

3 Nephi 8:11 - And there was a great and terrible destruction in the land southward [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following His crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem]. 

4 Nephi 1:2 - And it came to pass in the thirty and sixth year [~36 AD], the people were all converted unto the Lord, upon all the face of the land [in all of both the land northward and the land southward], both Nephites and Lamanites, and there were no contentions and disputations among them, and every man did deal justly one with another. 

Mormon 2:29 - And the Lamanites did give unto us the land northward, yea, even to the narrow passage which led into the land southward. And we did give unto the Lamanites all the land southward.

Mormon 3:5 - And it came to pass that I [Mormon (Mormon 3:11)] did cause my people that they should gather themselves together at the land Desolation, to a city [Desolation] which was in the borders, by the narrow pass which led into the land southward [~360 AD (Mormon 3:4)]. 

Ether 9:31-32 - And there came forth poisonous serpents also upon the face of the land, and did poison many people. And it came to pass that their flocks began to flee before the poisonous serpents, towards the land southward, which was called by the Nephites Zarahemla. And it came to pass that there were many of them which did perish by the way; nevertheless, there were some which fled into the land southward.

Ether 10:19-21 - And it came to pass that Lib [a Jaredite, son of Kish (Ether 1:18), who became king at his father's death (Ether 10:18)] also did that which was good in the sight of the Lord. And in the days of Lib the poisonous serpents were destroyed. Wherefore they did go into the land southward, to hunt food for the people of the land, for the land was covered with animals of the forest. And Lib also himself became a great hunter. And they built a great city [the city of Lib] by the narrow neck of land, by the place where the sea divides the land. And they did preserve the land southward for a wilderness, to get game. And the whole face of the land northward was covered with inhabitants. 

In all the land southward Moroni raised his Title of Liberty and proclaimed (Alma 46:17) in ~73 BC all the land south of the land Desolation to be a chosen land and a land of liberty to the Nephites (Alma 46:13-16). The Amalikiahites (who wanted Amalikiah to be crowned king) had fled from the land of Zarahemla (Alma 46:33) to the land of Nephi (Alma 46:29) at the approach of Chief Captain Moroni (Alma 46:29-30) and his army.

Alma 50:25 - And it came to pass that in the commencement of the twenty and fourth year of the reign of the judges, there would also have been peace among the people of Nephi had it not been for a contention which took place among them concerning the land of Lehi, and the land of Morianton, which joined upon the borders of Lehi; both of which were on the borders by the seashore. 

Alma 51:24 - And those who fled out of the city of Moroni came to the city of Nephihah; and also the people of the city of Lehi gathered themselves together, and made preparations and were ready to receive the Lamanites to battle. 

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

Alma 59:5 - And it came to pass that while Moroni was thus making preparations to go against the Lamanites to battle, behold, the people of Nephihah, who were gathered together from the city of Moroni and the city of Lehi and the city of Morianton, were attacked by the Lamanites. 

Alma 62:30 - Now it came to pass that Moroni, after he had obtained possession of the city of Nephihah, having taken many prisoners, which did reduce the armies of the Lamanites exceedingly, and having regained many of the Nephites who had been taken prisoners, which did strengthen the army of Moroni exceedingly; therefore Moroni went forth from the land of Nephihah to the land of Lehi.

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

Ether 10:19-21 - And it came to pass that Lib [a Jaredite, son of Kish (Ether 1:18), who became king at his father's death (Ether 10:18)] also did that which was good in the sight of the Lord. And in the days of Lib the poisonous serpents were destroyed. Wherefore they did go into the land southward, to hunt food for the people of the land, for the land was covered with animals of the forest. And Lib also himself became a great hunter. And they built a great city [the city of Lib]by the narrow neck of land, by the place where the sea divides the land. And they did preserve the land southward for a wilderness, to get game. And the whole face of the land northward was covered with inhabitants. 
.

Alma 16:6 - And it came to pass that Alma inquired of the Lord concerning the matter. And Alma returned and said unto them: Behold, the Lamanites will cross the river Sidon in the south wilderness, away up beyond the borders of the land of Manti. And behold there shall ye meet them, on the east of the river Sidon, and there the Lord will deliver unto thee thy brethren who have been taken captive by the Lamanites. 

Alma 16:7 - And it came to pass that Zoram and his sons crossed over the river Sidon, with their armies, and marched away beyond the borders of Manti into the south wilderness, which was on the east side of the river Sidon. 

Alma 17:1 - AND now it came to pass that as Alma was journeying from the land of Gideon southward, away to the land of Manti, behold, to his astonishment, he met with the sons of Mosiah journeying towards the land of Zarahemla. 

Alma 22:27 - And it came to pass that the king sent a proclamation throughout all the land, amongst all his people who were in all his land, who were in all the regions round about, which was bordering even to the sea, on the east and on the west, and which was divided from the land of Zarahemla by a narrow strip of wilderness, which ran from the sea east even to the sea west, and round about on the borders of the seashore, and the borders of the wilderness which was on the north by the land of Zarahemla, through the borders of Manti, by the head of the river Sidon, running from the east towards the west—and thus were the Lamanites and the Nephites divided. 

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 43:25 - Now Moroni, leaving a part of his army in the land of Jershon, lest by any means a part of the Lamanites should come into that land and take possession of the city [of Jershon], took the remaining part of his army and marched over into the land of Manti.

Alma 43:31-35 - Therefore, he divided his army and brought a part over into the valley, and concealed them on the east, and on the south of the hill Riplah; And the remainder he concealed in the west valley, on the west of the river Sidon, and so down into the borders of the land Manti. And thus having placed his army according to his desire, he was prepared to meet them. And it came to pass that the Lamanites came up on the north of the hill [Riplah], where a part of the army of Moroni was concealed [on its East and South sides]. And as the Lamanites had passed the hill Riplah [likely on its North side (Alma 43:34)], and came into the [West] valley, and began to cross the river Sidon, the army which was concealed on the south of the hill [Riplah], which was led by a man whose name was Lehi, and he led his army forth and encircled the Lamanites about on the east in their rear. 

Alma 56:13-15 - And now these are the cities of which the Lamanites have obtained possession by the shedding of the blood of so many of our valiant men; The land of Manti, or the city of Manti, and the city of Zeezrom, and the city of Cumeni, and the city of Antiparah. And these are the cities which they possessed when I [Helaman (Alma 56:9)] arrived at the city of Judea; and I found Antipus and his men toiling with their might to fortify the city [of Judea]. 

Alma 58:1,26-28 - AND behold, now it came to pass that our next object was to obtain the city of Manti; but behold, there was no way that we could lead them out of the city by our small bands. For behold, they remembered that which we had hitherto done; therefore we could not decoy them away from their strongholds. ... Now it came to pass that when it was night, I caused that my men should not sleep, but that they should march forward by another way towards the land of Manti. ... And because of this our march in the night-time, behold, on the morrow we were beyond the Lamanites, insomuch that we did arrive before them at the city of Manti. And thus it came to pass, that by this stratagem we did take possession of the city of Manti without the shedding of blood. 

Alma 58:39 - And those sons of the people of Ammon [the 2,000 Stripling Warriors who were sons of the pacifist people of Ammon (Alma 56:5,9)], of whom I [Helaman] have so highly spoken, are with me in the city of Manti; and the Lord has supported them, yea, and kept them from falling by the sword, insomuch that even one soul has not been slain.

Mosiah 8:8 - And they were lost in the wilderness for the space of many days, yet they were diligent, and found not the land of Zarahemla but returned to this land [of Nephi], having traveled in a land among many waters, having discovered a land which was covered with bones of men, and of beasts, and was also covered with ruins of buildings of every kind, having discovered a land which had been peopled with a people who were as numerous as the hosts of Israel. [This was likely in the land northward, which was peopled by the Jaredite nation, the last war among whom was at Cumorah/Ramah.]

Mormon 6:4 - And it came to pass that we did march forth to the land of Cumorah, and we did pitch our tents around about the hill Cumorah; and it was in a land of many waters, rivers, and fountains; and here we had hope to gain advantage over the Lamanites. 

Alma 8:3 - And it came to pass in the commencement of the tenth year of the reign of the judges over the people of Nephi, that Alma departed from thence and took his journey over into the land of Melek, on the west of the river Sidon, on the west by the borders of the wilderness. 

Alma 8:6 - So that when he had finished his work at Melek he departed thence, and traveled three days’ journey on the north of the land of Melek; and he came to a city which was called Ammonihah. 

[According to dating estimates at the bottom of the pages of the Book of Mormon, the people of Ammon settled in Jershon (Alma 27:26) in ~77 B.C., and relocated about three years later to Melek (Alma 35:12-13) in ~74 B.C. The converted Zoramites (who were not pacifists) took up residence in Jershon in ~74 B.C. along with the elements of the Nephite army positioned there to defend that front (Alma 35:13-14).]

Alma 35:13-14 And the people of Ammon departed out of the land of Jershon, and came over into the land of Melek, and gave place in the land of Jershon for the armies of the Nephites, that they might contend with the armies of the Lamanites and the armies of the Zoramites; and thus commenced a war betwixt the Lamanites and the Nephites, in the eighteenth year of the reign of the judges; and an account shall be given of their wars hereafter. And Alma, and Ammon, and their brethren, and also the two sons of Alma returned to the land of Zarahemla, after having been instruments in the hands of God of bringing many of the Zoramites to repentance; and as many as were brought to repentance were driven out of their land; but they have lands for their inheritance in the land of Jershon, and they have taken up arms to defend themselves, and their wives, and children, and their lands..

Alma 20:2 - And the voice of the Lord came to Ammon, saying: Thou shalt not go up to the land of Nephi, for behold, the king will seek thy life; but thou shalt go to the land of Middoni; for behold, thy brother Aaron, and also Muloki and Ammah are in prison. 

Alma 20:4-5 - Now Lamoni said unto Ammon: I know, in the strength of the Lord thou canst do all things. But behold, I will go with thee to the land of Middoni; for the king of the land of Middoni, whose name is Antiomno, is a friend unto me; therefore I go to the land of Middoni, that I may flatter the king of the land, and he will cast thy brethren out of prison. Now Lamoni said unto him: Who told thee that thy brethren were in prison? And Ammon said unto him: No one hath told me, save it be God; and he said unto me—Go and deliver thy brethren, for they are in prison in the land of Middoni.

Alma 20:28 - And it came to pass that Ammon and Lamoni proceeded on their journey towards the land of Middoni. And Lamoni found favor in the eyes of the king of the land; therefore the brethren of Ammon were brought forth out of prison. 

Alma 22:1 - NOW, as Ammon was thus teaching the people of Lamoni continually, we will return to the account of Aaron and his brethren; for after he departed from the land of Middoni he was led by the Spirit to the land of Nephi, even to the house of the king which was over all the land save it were the land of Ishmael; and he was the father of Lamoni. 

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

Alma 24:5 - Now when Ammon and his brethren and all those who had come up with him saw the preparations of the Lamanites to destroy their brethren, they came forth to the land of Midian, and there Ammon met all his brethren; and from thence they came to the land of Ishmael that they might hold a council with Lamoni and also with his brother [the king (Alma 24:3) whose name was] Anti-Nephi-Lehi, what they should do to defend themselves against the Lamanites. 
 

Alma 2:24 - Behold, we followed the camp of the Amlicites, and to our great astonishment, in the land of Minon, above [South of] the land of Zarahemla, in the course of the land of Nephi, we saw a numerous host of the Lamanites; and behold, the Amlicites have joined them; ... 

Alma 2:25-27 - And they are upon our brethren in that land; and they are fleeing before them with their flocks, and their wives, and their children, towards our city [of Zarahemla]; and except we make haste they obtain possession of our city, and our fathers, and our wives, and our children be slain. And it came to pass that the people of Nephi took their tents, and departed out of the valley of Gideon towards their city, which was the city of Zarahemla. And behold, as they were crossing the river Sidon, the Lamanites and the Amlicites, being as numerous almost, as it were, as the sands of the sea, came upon them to destroy them. 

[From Alma 2:24 it might seem like the land of Minon was closer, or at least enroute to the land of Nephi, thus farther to the south than shown on our map. However, Alma 2:25-27 suggests that the city of Zarahemla was nearby, or at least the closest city of refuge from the land of Minon. And it also appears that the land of Minon was close to both the valley of Gideon and the city of Zarahemla. Therefore, we leave it where it is until we learn better.]
 

3 Nephi 9:7 - Yea, and the city of Onihah and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Mocum and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Jerusalem and the inhabitants thereof; and waters have I caused to come up in the stead thereof, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints shall not come up any more unto me against them [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following his crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem]. 
 

Alma 50:25 - And it came to pass that in the commencement of the twenty and fourth year of the reign of the judges, there would also have been peace among the people of Nephi had it not been for a contention which took place among them concerning the land of Lehi, and the land of Morianton, which joined upon the borders of Lehi; both of which were on the borders by the seashore. 

Alma 50:33 - Therefore Moroni sent an army, with their camp, to head the people of Morianton, to stop their flight into the land northward. 

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

Alma 59:5 - And it came to pass that while Moroni was thus making preparations to go against the Lamanites to battle, behold, the people of Nephihah, who were gathered together from the city of Moroni and the city of Lehi and the city of Morianton, were attacked by the Lamanites. 

[Moron was the capital city of the Jaredites, at least during the time of Kib, Corihor and Shule (Ether 7:5-6), and also much later at the time of Coriantumr (Ether 14:6); and it was near the place that the Nephites called the land Desolation (Ether 7:6). Since it was their capital city, Moron may have been the place where the Jeredites first landed (Ether 6:12-13).]

Ether 7:5-6 - And when he [Corihor (Ether 7:4)] had gathered together an army he came up unto the land of Moron where the king dwelt, and took him captive, which brought to pass the saying of the brother of Jared [Ether 6:23] that they would be brought into captivity. Now the land of Moron, where the king dwelt, was near the land which is called Desolation by the Nephites. 

Ether 7:17 - And it came to pass that he [Noah (Ether 7:14)] gave battle again unto Shule, the king; and he took Shule, the king, and carried him away captive into Moron.

Ether 14:6 - And he [Gilead (Ether 14:8)] came forth to the land of Moron, and placed himself upon the throne of Coriantumr. 
 

Alma 50:13-16 - And it came to pass that the Nephites began the foundation of a city, and they called the name of the city Moroni; and it was by the east sea; and it was on the south by the line [the narrow strip of wilderness which separated the possessions of the Nephites from the lands] of the possessions of the Lamanites. And they also began a foundation for a city between the city of Moroni and the city of Aaron, joining the borders of Aaron and Moroni; and they called the name of the city, or the land, Nephihah. And they also began in that same year [~72 BC] to build many cities on the north, one in a particular manner which they called Lehi, which was in the north by the borders of the seashore. And thus ended the twentieth year [~72 BC]. 

Alma 51:24 - And those who fled out of the city of Moroni came to the city of Nephihah; and also the people of the city of Lehi gathered themselves together, and made preparations and were ready to receive the Lamanites to battle. 

Alma 59:5 - And it came to pass that while Moroni was thus making preparations to go against the Lamanites to battle, behold, the people of Nephihah, who were gathered together from the city of Moroni and the city of Lehi and the city of Morianton, were attacked by the Lamanites. 

Alma 62:36,38 [Place where Teancum was slain]. And it came to pass that Teancum in his anger did go forth into the camp of the Lamanites, and did let himself down over the walls of the city [of Moroni (ver 32)]. And he went forth with a cord, from place to place, insomuch that he did find the king; and he did cast a javelin at him, which did pierce him near the heart. But behold, the king did awaken his servants before he died, insomuch that they did pursue Teancum, and slew him. ... Now it came to pass that Moroni marched forth on the morrow, and came upon the Lamanites, insomuch that they did slay them with a great slaughter; and they did drive them out of the land [of Moroni]; and they did flee, even that they did not return at that time against the Nephites. 

3 Nephi 8:9 - And the city of Moroni did sink into the depths of the sea, and the inhabitants thereof were drowned (also 3 Nephi 9:4). [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following His crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem].

4 Nephi 1:9 - But there were many cities which had been sunk, and waters came up in the stead thereof; therefore these cities could not be renewed.

3 Nephi 8:10,25; 9:5 - And the earth was carried up upon the city of Moronihah, that in the place of the city there became a great mountain (also 3 Nephi 9:5). ... And in another place they were heard to cry and mourn, saying: O that we had repented before this great and terrible day, and had not killed and stoned the prophets, and cast them out; then would our mothers and our fair daughters, and our children have been spared, and not have been buried up in that great city Moronihah. And thus were the howlings of the people great and terrible. ... And behold, that great city Moronihah have I covered with earth, and the inhabitants thereof, to hide their iniquities and their abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints shall not come any more unto me against them [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following His crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem].
 

[The city of Mulek appears to be near the cities Bountiful (Alma 52:17), Gid (Helaman 5:15), Nephihah, Lehi, Morianton and Omner (all Alma 51:26), and near the seashore (Alma 52:23), which puts it clearly in the Northeast corner of the land Southward [B,3] where we show it on our map. Alma 52:2 suggests that the Lamanites in Mulek were planning on marching into the land northward (as if there were little other impediment). That would also put Mulek just south of the Narrow Neck of Land. In the report of a victory over that city, however, Mulek is listed in one place as "one of the strongest holds of the Lamanites in the land of Nephi" (Alma 53:6), which is too far South. ... For now, we will continue to show it in the Northeast corner of the land Southward [B,3]. Maybe somebody will make a good suggestion for a revised location. Meantime, see the notes in green at the Alma 53:6 scripture cited immediately below.]

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

Alma 52:2 - And now, when the Lamanites saw this they were affrighted; and they abandoned their design in marching into the land northward, and retreated with all their army into the city of Mulek, and sought protection in their fortifications. 

Alma 52:17 - And it came to pass that Teancum made preparations to make an attack upon the city of Mulek, and march forth with his army against the Lamanites; but he saw that it was impossible that he could overpower them while they were in their fortifications; therefore he abandoned his designs and returned again to the city Bountiful, to wait for the coming of Moroni, that he might receive strength to his army. 

Alma 52:20 - And it came to pass they sent embassies to the army of the Lamanites, which protected the city of Mulek, to their leader, whose name was Jacob, desiring him that he would come out with his armies to meet them upon the plains between the two cities [Mulek and Bountiful, Teancum with his army being in Bountiful (Alma 52:17)]. But behold, Jacob, who was a Zoramite, would not come out with his army to meet them upon the plains. 

Alma 52:23-27 And it came to pass that the armies of the Lamanites did march forth against Teancum, supposing by their numbers to overpower Teancum because of the smallness of his numbers. And as Teancum saw the armies of the Lamanites coming out against him he began to retreat down by the seashore, northward [near the city Mulek]. And it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that he began to flee, they took courage and pursued them with vigor. And while Teancum was thus leading away the Lamanites who were pursuing them in vain, behold, Moroni commanded that a part of his army who were with him should march forth into the city [Mulek], and take possession of it. And thus they did, and slew all those who had been left to protect the city [Mulek], yea, all those who would not yield up their weapons of war. And thus Moroni had obtained possession of the city Mulek with a part of his army, while he marched with the remainder to meet the Lamanites when they should return from the pursuit of Teancum. And it came to pass that the Lamanites did pursue Teancum until they came near the city Bountiful, and then they were met by Lehi and a small army, which had been left to protect the city Bountiful. 

Alma 53:6 - And it came to pass that Moroni had thus gained a victory over one of the greatest of the armies of the Lamanites, and had obtained possession of the city of Mulek, which was one of the strongest holds of the Lamanites in the land of Nephi; and thus he had also built a stronghold to retain his prisoners. [If this were reported "in the land of Zarahemla" it would accord with our positioning. Perhaps, the scripture should be read "one of the strongest holds of the Lamanites [whose strongholds were located mainly] in the land of Nephi; ...". A simpler revision might recognize that the city of Mulek was temporarily controlled by a Lamanite invasion force and therefore might read as follows: "one of the strongest holds of the Lamanites in the land of the Nephites; ...".  At any rate, as it is, there may be some disagreement with the other scriptures that refer to the city of Mulek here. See also note in green above.]

Helaman 5:14-16 - And they did remember his words; and therefore they went forth, keeping the commandments of God, to teach the word of God among all the people of Nephi, beginning at the city Bountiful; And from thenceforth to the city of Gid; and from the city of Gid to the city of Mulek; And even from one city to another, until they had gone forth among all the people of Nephi who were in the land southward; and from thence into the land of Zarahemla, among the Lamanites. 

• See also the boxed note at the city of Lehi. 
• See also the note about the origin of the Mulekites at ~591 BC in the Book of Mormon Timeline with Dates and Locations for Events.

Also known as the small neck of land (Alma 22:32).

Omni 1:22 - It [a large engraved stone (Omni 1:20)] also spake a few words concerning his [Coriantumr's Jaredite] fathers. And his first parents came out from the tower [of Babel (Genesis 11:4{1-9})], at the time the Lord confounded the language of the people; and the severity of the Lord fell upon them according to his judgments, which are just; and their bones lay scattered in the land northward.  [Coriantumr was the last man alive of the Jaredites, whose place names are all lettered in RED (mainly cells in [A,2] and [A,3]), and which are shown to the North and East of Zarahemla, and north of the Narrow Neck of Land in the land Northward. Coriantumr was discovered by the people of Zarahemla; and he dwelt with them for the space of nine moons (Omni 1:21).].

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 63:5-8 And it came to pass that Hagoth, he being an exceedingly curious man, therefore he went forth and built him an exceedingly large ship, on the borders of the land Bountiful, by the land Desolation, and launched it forth into the west sea, by the narrow neck which led into the land northward. And behold, there were many of the Nephites who did enter therein and did sail forth with much provisions, and also many women and children; and they took their course northward. And thus ended the thirty and seventh year. And in the thirty and eighth year, this man built other ships. And the first ship did also return, and many more people did enter into it; and they also took much provisions, and set out again to the land northward. And it came to pass that they were never heard of more. And we suppose that they were drowned in the depths of the sea. And it came to pass that one other ship also did sail forth; and whither she did go we know not. 

Hagoth's ships departed from the west side of the Narrow Neck of Land. (Alma 63:5). Apparently Hagoth did not sail on the first cruise (Alma 63:7), but rather stayed and built other ships.

Mormon 2:29 - And the Lamanites did give unto us the land northward, yea, even to the narrow passage [may refer to the Narrow Neck of Land, or to the Narrow Pass] which led into the land southward. And we did give unto the Lamanites all the land southward. 

Ether 10:19-21 - And it came to pass that Lib [a Jaredite, son of Kish (Ether 1:18), who became king at his father's death (Ether 10:18)] also did that which was good in the sight of the Lord. And in the days of Lib the poisonous serpents were destroyed. Wherefore they did go into the land southward, to hunt food for the people of the land, for the land was covered with animals of the forest. And Lib also himself became a great hunter. And they built a great city [the city of Lib] by the narrow neck of land, by the place where the sea divides the land. And they did preserve the land southward for a wilderness, to get game. And the whole face of the land northward was covered with inhabitants. 
 

[Also known as the Narrow Passage (Mormon 2:29)].

Alma 50:33-34 - Therefore Moroni sent an army, with their camp, to head [off] the people of Morianton, to stop their flight into the land northward. And it came to pass that they did not head them [off] until they had come to the borders of the land Desolation; and there they did head them [off], by the narrow pass which led by the sea into the land northward, yea, by the sea, on the west and on the east. 

Alma 52:9 - And he also sent orders unto him that he should fortify the land Bountiful, and secure the narrow pass which led into the land northward, lest the Lamanites should obtain that point and should have power to harass them on every side. 

Mormon 2:29 - And the Lamanites did give unto us the land northward, yea, even to the narrow passage which led into the land southward. And we did give unto the Lamanites all the land southward. 

Mormon 3:5 - And it came to pass that I [Mormon (Mormon 3:11)] did cause my people that they should gather themselves together at the land Desolation, to a city [Desolation] which was in the borders, by the narrow pass which led into the land southward [~360 AD (Mormon 3:4)]. 

Alma 22:27 - And it came to pass that the king sent a proclamation throughout all the land, amongst all his people who were in all his land, who were in all the regions round about, which was bordering even to the sea, on the east and on the west, and which was divided from the land of Zarahemla by a narrow strip of wilderness, which ran from the sea east even to the sea west, and round about on the borders of the seashore, and the borders of the wilderness which was on the north by the land of Zarahemla, through the borders of Manti, by the head of the river Sidon, running from the east towards the west—and thus were the Lamanites and the Nephites divided. 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 27:14 - And they gathered together all their people, yea, all the people of the Lord, and did gather together all their flocks and herds, and departed out of the land, and came into the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness which divided the land of Nephi from the land of Zarahemla, and came over near the borders of the land [of Zarahemla]. 

Alma 50:13-16 - And it came to pass that the Nephites began the foundation of a city, and they called the name of the city Moroni; and it was by the east sea; and it was on the south by the line [the narrow strip of wilderness which separated the possessions of the Nephites from the lands] of the possessions of the Lamanites. And they also began a foundation for a city between the city of Moroni and the city of Aaron, joining the borders of Aaron and Moroni; and they called the name of the city, or the land, Nephihah. And they also began in that same year [~72 BC] to build many cities on the north, one in a particular manner which they called Lehi, which was in the north by the borders of the seashore. And thus ended the twentieth year [~72 BC]. 
 

Ether 7:4 - And when Corihor was thirty and two years old he rebelled against his father, and went over and dwelt in the land of Nehor; and he begat sons and daughters, and they became exceedingly fair; wherefore Corihor drew away many people after him. 

Ether 7:9 - Wherefore, he [Shule, son of Kib (Ether 7:7)] came to the hill Ephraim, and he did molten out of the hill, and made swords out of steel for those whom he had drawn away with him; and after he had armed them with swords he returned to the city Nehor, and gave battle unto his brother Corihor, by which means he obtained the kingdom and restored it unto his father Kib. 
 

Also known as the Land/City of Lehi-Nephi (Mosiah 7:1-2, 7:4, 7:21, 9:6, 9:8).

2 Nephi 5:6-8 - Wherefore, it came to pass that I, Nephi, did take my family, and also Zoram and his family, and Sam, mine elder brother and his family, and Jacob and Joseph, my younger brethren, and also my sisters, and all those who would go with me. ... And we did take our tents and whatsoever things were possible for us, and did journey in the wilderness for the space of many days. And after we had journeyed for the space of many days we did pitch our tents. And my people would that we should call the name of the place Nephi; wherefore, we did call it Nephi.

2 Nephi 5:12-14 - And I, Nephi, had also brought [to the land we called Nephi (2 Nephi 5:8)] the records which were engraven upon the plates of brass; and also the ball, or compass [or Liahona], which was prepared for my father by the hand of the Lord, according to that which is written. And it came to pass that we began to prosper exceedingly, and to multiply in the land [we called Nephi (2 Nephi 5:8)]. And I, Nephi, did take [to the land we called Nephi (2 Nephi 5:8)] the sword of Laban, and after the manner of it did make many swords, ... 

Omni 1:12-13 - Behold, I am Amaleki, the son of Abinadom. Behold, I will speak unto you somewhat concerning Mosiah, who was [later]made king over the land of Zarahemla; for behold, he being warned of the Lord that he should flee out of the land of Nephi, and as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord should also depart out of the land with him, into the wilderness—And it came to pass that he did according as the Lord had commanded him. And they departed out of the land [of Nephi] into the wilderness, as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord; and they were led by many preachings and prophesyings. And they were admonished continually by the word of God; and they were led by the power of his arm, through the wilderness until they came down [to the North] into the land which is called the land of Zarahemla. 

Mosiah 7:1 - AND now, it came to pass that after king Mosiah had had continual peace for the space of three years, he was desirous to know concerning the people who went up to dwell in the land of Lehi-Nephi, or in the city of Lehi-Nephi; for his people had heard nothing from them from the time they left the land of Zarahemla; therefore, they wearied him with their teasings. 

Mosiah 7:7 - And behold, they met the king of the people who were in the land of Nephi, and in the land of Shilom; and they were surrounded by the king's guard, and were taken, and were bound, and were committed to prison. 

Mosiah 9:1 - I, Zeniff, having been taught in all the language of the Nephites, and having had a knowledge of the land of Nephi, or of the land of our fathers’ first inheritance, ... 

Mosiah 9:5-8,10 - And it came to pass that I [Zeniff] went again [from the land of Zarahemla, in ~200 BC] with four of my men into the city [likely the city of Lehi-Nephi], in unto the king [Lamanite king Laman], that I might know of the disposition of the king, and that I might know if I might go in with my people and possess the land in peace. And I went in unto the king, and he covenanted with me that I might possess the land of Lehi-Nephi, and the land of Shilom. And he also commanded that his people should depart out of the land, and I and my people went into the land that we might possess it. And we began to build buildings, and to repair the walls of the city, yea, even the walls of the city of Lehi-Nephi, and the city of Shilom. ... Now it was the cunning and the craftiness of king Laman, to bring my people into bondage, that he yielded up the land that we might possess it. 

Mosiah 9:14 - For, in the thirteenth year of my reign in the land of Nephi, away on the south of the land of Shilom, ... 

Mosiah 11:12-13 - And it came to pass that he [wicked Nephite king Noah (Mosiah 11:1)] built a tower near the temple; yea, a very high tower [Noah's tower], even so high that he could stand upon the top thereof and overlook the land of Shilom, and also the land of Shemlon, which was possessed by the Lamanites; and he could even look over all the land round about. And it came to pass that he caused many buildings to be built in the land Shilom; and he caused a great tower to be built on the hill north of the land Shilom, which had been a resort for the children of Nephi at the time they fled out of the land [of Nephi; see Omni 1:12-13 above]; and thus he did do with the riches which he obtained by the taxation of his people. [Since Noah's great tower was on a hill North of the land Shilom, and had been a resort during the Nephite migration from the land of Nephi to the land of Zarahemla, this supports the notion that Zarahemla was to the North of the land of Nephi.]

Mosiah 21:1,12,21 - AND it came to pass that [King] Limhi and his people returned to the city of Nephi, and began to dwell in the land again in peace. ... Yea, they went again even the third time, and suffered in the like manner; and those that were not slain returned again to the city of Nephi. ... For they were desirous to take them that they might punish them; for they had come into the land of Nephi by night, and carried off their grain and many of their precious things; therefore they laid wait for them. [Thus, King Limhi and his people were in the city of Nephi when the daughters of the Lamanites were kidnapped at Shemlon (Mosiah 20:1), and during the battles which ensued].

Mosiah 23:35 - And Amulon and his brethren did join the Lamanites, and they were traveling in the wilderness in search of the land of Nephi when they discovered the land of Helam, which was possessed by Alma and his brethren. 

Mosiah 27:16 - Now I say unto thee: Go, and remember the captivity of thy fathers in the land of Helam, and in the land of Nephi; ... 

Alma 2:24 - Behold, we followed the camp of the Amlicites, and to our great astonishment, in the land of Minon, above [South of] the land of Zarahemla, in the course of the land of Nephi, we saw a numerous host of the Lamanites; and behold, the Amlicites have joined them; ... 

Alma 5:3 - I, Alma, having been consecrated by my father, Alma, to be a high priest over the church of God, he having power and authority from God to do these things, behold, I say unto you that he began to establish a church in the land which was in the borders of Nephi; yea, the land which was called the land of Mormon; yea, and he did baptize his brethren in the waters of Mormon. 

Alma 20:2 - And the voice of the Lord came to Ammon, saying: Thou shalt not go up to the land of Nephi, for behold, the king will seek thy life; but thou shalt go to the land of Middoni; for behold, thy brother Aaron, and also Muloki and Ammah are in prison. 

Alma 22:1 - NOW, as Ammon was thus teaching the people of Lamoni continually, we will return to the account of Aaron and his brethren; for after he departed from the land of Middoni he was led by the Spirit to the land of Nephi, even to the house of the king which was over all the land save it were the land of Ishmael; and he was the father of Lamoni. 

Alma 22:28 - Now, the more idle part of the Lamanites lived in the wilderness, and dwelt in tents; and they were spread through the wilderness on the west, in the land of Nephi; yea, and also on the west of the land of Zarahemla, in the borders by the seashore, and on the west in the land of Nephi, in the place of their fathers’ first inheritance, and thus bordering along by the seashore. 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

Alma 25:13 - And it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that they could not overpower the Nephites they returned again to their own land; and many of them [who did not want to wage war] came over to dwell in the land of Ishmael and the land of Nephi, and did join themselves to the people of God, ... 

Alma 27:14 - And they gathered together all their people, yea, all the people of the Lord, and did gather together all their flocks and herds, and departed out of the land, and came into the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness which divided the land of Nephi from the land of Zarahemla, and came over near the borders of the land [of Zarahemla]. 

Alma 47:20 - And it came to pass that Amalickiah marched with his armies (for he had gained his desires) to the land of Nephi, to the city of Nephi, which was the chief city. 

Alma 50:7 - And it came to pass that Moroni caused that his armies should go forth into the east wilderness; yea, and they went forth and drove all the Lamanites who were in the east wilderness into their own lands, which were south of the land of Zarahemla. 

Alma 50:8 - And the land of Nephi did run in a straight course from the east sea to the west. 

Alma 50:9 - And it came to pass that when Moroni had driven all the Lamanites out of the east wilderness, which was north of the lands of their own possessions, he caused that the inhabitants who were in the land of Zarahemla and in the land round about should go forth into the east wilderness, even to the borders by the seashore, and possess the land [of Zarahemla]. 

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 

Alma 53:6 - And it came to pass that Moroni had thus gained a victory over one of the greatest of the armies of the Lamanites, and had obtained possession of the city of Mulek, which was one of the strongest holds of the Lamanites in the land of Nephi; and thus he had also built a stronghold to retain his prisoners. [If this were reported "in the land of Zarahemla" it would accord with our positioning. As it is, there is some disagreement with the other scriptures here. See note in green at the City of Mulek, above.]

In all the land southward Moroni raised his Title of Liberty and proclaimed (Alma 46:17) in ~73 BC all the land south of the land Desolation to be a chosen land and a land of liberty to the Nephites (Alma 46:13-16). The Amalikiahites (who wanted Amalikiah to be crowned king) had fled from the land of Zarahemla (Alma 46:33) to the land of Nephi (Alma 46:29) at the approach of Chief Captain Moroni (Alma 46:29-30) and his army.

The Liahona had helped their fathers to know the way in the wilderness before they left the old world.

1 Nephi 16:10 - And it came to pass that as my father arose in the morning [in the Valley of Lemuel], and went forth to the tent door, to his great astonishment he beheld upon the ground a round ball of curious workmanship; and it was of fine brass. And within the ball were two spindles; and the one pointed the way whither we should go into the wilderness.

1 Nephi 16:26-27 - And it came to pass that the voice of the Lord said unto him: Look upon the ball, and behold the things which are written. And it came to pass that when my father beheld the things which were written upon the ball, he did fear and tremble exceedingly, and also my brethren and the sons of Ishmael and our wives.

1 Nephi 16:28-29 -  And it came to pass that I, Nephi, beheld the pointers which were in the ball, that they did work according to the faith and diligence and heed which we did give unto them. And there was also written upon them a new writing, which was plain to be read, which did give us understanding concerning the ways of the Lord; and it was written and changed from time to time, according to the faith and diligence which we gave unto it. And thus we see that by small means the Lord can bring about great things.

Alma 37:38 - And now, my son, I have somewhat to say concerning the thing which our fathers call a ball, or director—or our fathers called it Liahona, which is, being interpreted, a compass; and the Lord prepared it.

Mosiah 1:16 - And moreover, he also gave him charge concerning the records which were engraven on the plates of brass; and also the plates of Nephi; and also, the sword of Laban, and the ball or director, which led our fathers through the wilderness, which was prepared by the hand of the Lord that thereby they might be led, every one according to the heed and diligence which they gave unto him.

Alma 37:38-47 - And now, my son, I have somewhat to say concerning the thing which our fathers call a ball, or director—or our fathers called it Liahona, which is, being interpreted, a compass; and the Lord prepared it.

39 And behold, there cannot any man work after the manner of so curious a workmanship. And behold, it was prepared to show unto our fathers the course which they should travel in the wilderness.

40 And it did work for them according to their faith in God; therefore, if they had faith to believe that God could cause that those spindles should point the way they should go, behold, it was done; therefore they had this miracle, and also many other miracles wrought by the power of God, day by day.

41 Nevertheless, because those miracles were worked by small means it did show unto them marvelous works. They were slothful, and forgot to exercise their faith and diligence and then those marvelous works ceased, and they did not progress in their journey;

42 Therefore, they tarried in the wilderness, or did not travel a direct course, and were afflicted with hunger and thirst, because of their transgressions.

43 And now, my son, I would that ye should understand that these things are not without a shadow; for as our fathers were slothful to give heed to this compass (now these things were temporal) they did not prosper; even so it is with things which are spiritual.

44 For behold, it is as easy to give heed to the word of Christ, which will point to you a straight course to eternal bliss, as it was for our fathers to give heed to this compass, which would point unto them a straight course to the promised land.

45 And now I say, is there not a type in this thing? For just as surely as this director did bring our fathers, by following its course, to the promised land, shall the words of Christ, if we follow their course, carry us beyond this vale of sorrow into a far better land of promise.

46 O my son, do not let us be slothful because of the easiness of the way; for so was it with our fathers; for so was it prepared for them, that if they would look they might live; even so it is with us. The way is prepared, and if we will look we may live forever.

47 And now, my son, see that ye take care of these sacred things, yea, see that ye look to God and live. Go unto this people and declare the word, and be sober. My son, farewell.

Alma 50:13-16 - And it came to pass that the Nephites began the foundation of a city, and they called the name of the city Moroni; and it was by the east sea; and it was on the south by the line [the narrow strip of wilderness which separated the possessions of the Nephites from the lands] of the possessions of the Lamanites. And they also began a foundation for a city between the city of Moroni and the city of Aaron, joining the borders of Aaron and Moroni; and they called the name of the city, or the land, Nephihah. And they also began in that same year [~72 BC] to build many cities on the north, one in a particular manner which they called Lehi, which was in the north by the borders of the seashore. And thus ended the twentieth year [~72 BC]. 

Alma 51:24 - And those who fled out of the city of Moroni came to the city of Nephihah; and also the people of the city of Lehi gathered themselves together, and made preparations and were ready to receive the Lamanites to battle. 

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

Alma 56:25 - Neither durst they march down against the city of Zarahemla; neither durst they cross the head of [the river] Sidon, over to the city of Nephihah.

Alma 59:5 - And it came to pass that while Moroni was thus making preparations to go against the Lamanites to battle, behold, the people of Nephihah, who were gathered together from the city of Moroni and the city of Lehi and the city of Morianton, were attacked by the Lamanites. 

Alma 62:18 - And it came to pass that when they had sent them away they pursued their march towards the land of Nephihah. And it came to pass that when they had come to the city of Nephihah, they did pitch their tents in the plains of Nephihah, which is near the city of Nephihah.

Alma 62:26 - Thus had Moroni and Pahoran obtained the possession of the city of Nephihah without the loss of one soul; and there were many of the Lamanites who were slain. 

Alma 62:30 - Now it came to pass that Moroni, after he had obtained possession of the city of Nephihah, having taken many prisoners, which did reduce the armies of the Lamanites exceedingly, and having regained many of the Nephites who had been taken prisoners, which did strengthen the army of Moroni exceedingly; therefore Moroni went forth from the land of Nephihah to the land of Lehi. 

3 Nephi 20:22-24 - And behold, this people will I establish in this land, unto the fulfilling of the covenant which I made with your father Jacob; and it shall be a New Jerusalem. And the powers of heaven shall be in the midst of this people; yea, even I will be in the midst of you. And they shall assist my people, the remnant of Jacob, and also as many of the house of Israel as shall come, that they may build a city, which shall be called the New Jerusalem. And then shall they assist my people that they may be gathered in, who are scattered upon all the face of the land, in unto the New Jerusalem. And that it was the place of the New Jerusalem, which should come down out of heaven, and the holy sanctuary of the Lord.

Ether 13:2-6,10 - For behold, they rejected all the words of Ether; for he truly told them of all things, from the beginning of man; and that after the waters had receded from off the face of this land it became a choice land above all other lands, a chosen land of the Lord; wherefore the Lord would have that all men should serve him who dwell upon the face thereof; And that it was the place of the New Jerusalem, which should come down out of heaven, and the holy sanctuary of the Lord. Behold, Ether saw the days of Christ, and he spake concerning a New Jerusalem upon this land. And he spake also concerning the house of Israel, and the Jerusalem from whence Lehi should come—after it should be destroyed it should be built up again, a holy city unto the Lord; wherefore, it could not be a new Jerusalem for it had been in a time of old; but it should be built up again, and become a holy city of the Lord; and it should be built unto the house of Israel. And that a New Jerusalem should be built up upon this land, unto the remnant of the seed of Joseph, for which things there has been a type. ... And then cometh the New Jerusalem; and blessed are they who dwell therein, for it is they whose garments are white through the blood of the Lamb; and they are they who are numbered among the remnant of the seed of Joseph, who were of the house of Israel.
 

Alma 16:3 - And now it came to pass, before the Nephites could raise a sufficient army to drive them out of the land, they had destroyed the people who were in the city of Ammonihah, and also some around the borders of Noah, and taken others captive into the wilderness. 

Alma 49:12-13 - Therefore they retreated into the wilderness [likely Hermounts wilderness], and took their camp and marched towards the land of Noah, supposing that to be the next best place for them to come against the Nephites. For they knew not that Moroni had fortified, or had built forts of security, for every city in all the land round about; therefore, they marched forward to the land of Noah with a firm determination; yea, their chief captains came forward and took an oath that they would destroy the people of that city. 

Alma 49:14-15 - But behold, to their astonishment, the city of Noah, which had hitherto been a weak place, had now, by the means of Moroni, become strong, yea, even to exceed the strength of the city Ammonihah. And now, behold, this was wisdom in Moroni; for he had supposed that they would be frightened at the city Ammonihah; and as the city of Noah had hitherto been the weakest part of the land, therefore they would march thither to battle; and thus it was according to his desires. 

Alma 49:16 - And behold, Moroni had appointed Lehi to be chief captain over the men of that city [city of Noah (Alma 49:15)]; and it was that same Lehi who fought with the Lamanites in the valley on the east of the river Sidon. 

Mosiah 11:12-13 - And it came to pass that he [wicked Nephite king Noah (Mosiah 11:1)] built a tower near the temple; yea, a very high tower [Noah's tower], even so high that he could stand upon the top thereof and overlook the land of Shilom, and also the land of Shemlon, which was possessed by the Lamanites; and he could even look over all the land round about. And it came to pass that he caused many buildings to be built in the land Shilom; and he caused a great tower to be built on the hill north of the land Shilom, which had been a resort for the children of Nephi at the time they fled out of the land; and thus he did do with the riches which he obtained by the taxation of his people. 

Omni 1:12-13 - Behold, I am Amaleki, the son of Abinadom. Behold, I will speak unto you somewhat concerning Mosiah, who was made king over the land of Zarahemla; for behold, he being warned of the Lord that he should flee out of the land of Nephi, and as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord should also depart out of the land [of Nephi] with him, into the wilderness—And it came to pass that he did according as the Lord had commanded him. And they departed out of the land [of Nephi] into the wilderness, as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord; and they were led by many preachings and prophesyings. And they were admonished continually by the word of God; and they were led by the power of his arm, through the wilderness until they came down into the land which is called the land of Zarahemla. 

Ether 15:10-11 - And it came to pass that the armies of Coriantumr did press upon the armies of Shiz that they beat them, that they caused them to flee before them; and they did flee southward [from the waters of Ripliancum], and did pitch their tents in a place which was called Ogath. And it came to pass that the army of Coriantumr did pitch their tents by the hill Ramah; and it was that same hill where my father Mormon did hide up the records [Mormon 6:6] unto the Lord, which were sacred. [If Coriantumr drove Shiz to Ogath, and then pitched his tents at the hill Ramah, we conclude for now that Ogath was south of the hill Ramah and south of the waters of Ripliancum.]
 

Alma 51:26 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. 

[There are two
cities of Onidah;
see also below].
 

Alma 31:3 - Now the Zoramites had gathered themselves together [~74 BC] in a land which they called Antionum, which was east of the land of Zarahemla, which lay nearly bordering upon the seashore, which was south of the land of Jershon, which also bordered upon the wilderness south, which wilderness was full of the Lamanites. [Alma taught on the nearby Hill Onidah (Alma 32:4)].

[There are two
cities of Onidah;
see also above].
 

Alma 47:5 - And now he had got the command of those parts of the Lamanites who were in favor of the king; and he sought to gain favor of those who were not obedient; therefore he went forward to the place which was called Onidah, for thither had all the Lamanites fled; for they discovered the army coming, and, supposing that they were coming to destroy them, therefore they fled to Onidah, to the place of arms [~72 BC]. 

Alma 47:9 - And behold, it came to pass that he caused his army to pitch their tents in the valley which was near the mount Antipas.

Alma 47:10 - And it came to pass that when it was night he sent a secret embassy into the mount Antipas, desiring that the leader of those who were upon the mount, whose name was Lehonti, that he should come down to the foot of the mount, for he desired to speak with him. 
 

3 Nephi 9:7 - Yea, and the city of Onihah and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Mocum and the inhabitants thereof, and the city of Jerusalem and the inhabitants thereof; and waters have I caused to come up in the stead thereof, to hide their wickedness and abominations from before my face, that the blood of the prophets and the saints shall not come up any more unto me against them [~34 AD when the Savior visited and taught the Nephites following His crucifixion and resurrection at Jerusalem]. 
.

Alma 14:8-9 - And they [the people of Ammonihah] brought their wives and children together [that is, the wives and children of the men whom they had cast out and stoned in verse 7], and whosoever believed or had been taught to believe in the word of God they caused that they should be cast into the fire; and they also brought forth their records which contained the holy scriptures, and cast them into the fire also, that they might be burned and destroyed by fire. And it came to pass that they took Alma and Amulek, and carried them forth to the place of martyrdom, that they might witness the destruction of those who were consumed by fire.

Alma 14:17 - And it came to pass that Alma and Amulek answered him [the chief judge over the land of Ammonihah] nothing; and he smote them again, and delivered them to the officers to be cast into prison [likely in the city of Ammonihah].

Alma 14:23 - And it came to pass after they had thus suffered for many days, ... that the chief judge over the land of Ammonihah and many of their teachers and their lawyers went in unto the prison [likely in the city of Ammonihah] where Alma and Amulek were bound with cords. 

Alma 14:26-29 - And Alma cried, saying: How long shall we suffer these great afflictions, O Lord? O Lord, give us strength according to our faith which is in Christ, even unto deliverance. And they broke the cords with which they were bound; and when the people saw this, they began to flee, for the fear of destruction had come upon them. And it came to pass that so great was their fear that they fell to the earth, and did not obtain the outer door of the prison [likely in the city of Ammonihah]; and the earth shook mightily, and the walls of the prison were rent in twain, so that they fell to the earth; and the chief judge, and the lawyers, and priests, and teachers, who smote upon Alma and Amulek, were slain by the fall thereof. And Alma and Amulek came forth out of the prison, and they were not hurt; for the Lord had granted unto them power, according to their faith which was in Christ. And they straightway came forth out of the prison; and they were loosed from their bands; and the prison had fallen to the earth, and every soul within the walls thereof, save it were Alma and Amulek, was slain; and they straightway came forth into the city [of Ammonihah]. Now the people having heard a great noise came running together by multitudes to know the cause of it; and when they saw Alma and Amulek coming forth out of the prison, and the walls thereof had fallen to the earth, they were struck with great fear, and fled from the presence of Alma and Amulek even as a goat fleeth with her young from two lions; and thus they did flee from the presence of Alma and Amulek.
 

3 Nephi 3:22-23 - And it came to pass in the seventeenth year, in the latter end of the year [~17 AD], the proclamation of Lachoneus [the Nephite governor (3 Nephi 3:12)] had gone forth throughout all the face of the land, and they had taken their horses, and their chariots, and their cattle, and all their flocks, and their herds, and their grain, and all their substance, and did march forth by thousands and by tens of thousands, until they had all gone forth to the place which had been appointed that they should gather themselves together, to defend themselves against their enemies. And the land which was appointed was the land of Zarahemla, and the land which was between the land Zarahemla and the land Bountiful, yea, to the line which was between the land Bountiful and the land Desolation. 

3 Nephi 4:15 - And it came to pass that the armies of the Nephites did return again to their place of security. And it came to pass that this nineteenth year [~19 AD] did pass away, and the robbers did not come again to battle; neither did they come again in the twentieth year. 

3 Nephi 4:23 - And it came to pass that Zemnarihah [leader of the attacking army of robbers (3 Nephi 4:17)] did give command unto his people that they should withdraw themselves from the siege [~21 AD, around the Nephites' place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and march into the furthermost parts of the land northward. [But the retreating army was stopped in this march by Gidgiddoni (military chief captain of the Nephites), and defeated, and Zemnarihah was hanged (3 Nephi 4:25-28) in ~21 AD].

3 Nephi 7:9-10,12 - Now this secret combination, which had brought so great iniquity upon the people, did gather themselves together [~31 AD], and did place at their head a man whom they did call Jacob; And they did call him their king; therefore he became a king over this wicked band; and he was one of the chiefest who had given his voice against the prophets who testified of Jesus. ... Therefore, Jacob seeing that their enemies were more numerous than they, he being the king of the band, therefore he commanded his people that they should take their flight into the northernmost part of the land [likely into the land northward, and quite possibly from the place of security in the land of Zarahemla, the land Bountiful and the land of Desolation (3 Nephi 3:23, 3 Nephi 4:15)], and there build up unto themselves a kingdom, until they were joined by dissenters (for he flattered them that there would be many dissenters), and they become sufficiently strong to contend with the tribes of the people; and they did so [in ~31 AD, becoming the people of king Jacob, and possibly founding the city of Jacobugath; see also the note and conjecture at the city of Kishkumen concerning unmapped cities].

Alma 49:5 - Now at this time the chief captains of the Lamanites were astonished exceedingly, because of the wisdom of the Nephites in preparing their places of security [namely, in this case, the city of Ammonihah]. . Alma 49:13 - For they knew not that Moroni had fortified, or had built forts of security, for every city in all the land round about; therefore, they marched forward to the land of Noah with a firm determination; yea, their chief captains came forward and took an oath that they would destroy the people of that city [Noah]. . Alma 49:18 - Now behold, the Lamanites could not get into their forts of security by any other way save by the entrance, because of the highness of the bank which had been thrown up, and the depth of the ditch which had been dug round about, save it were by the entrance. . Alma 49:20-21 - Thus they were prepared, yea, a body of their strongest men, with their swords and their slings, to smite down all who should attempt to come into their place of security by the place of entrance; and thus were they prepared to defend themselves against the Lamanites. And it came to pass that the captains of the Lamanites brought up their armies before the place of entrance [at the city of Noah (Alma 49:12-15)], and began to contend with the Nephites, to get into their place of security; but behold, they were driven back from time to time, insomuch that they were slain with an immense slaughter. . Alma 49:27 - Yea, he [Amalickiah] was exceedingly wroth, and he did curse God, and also Moroni, swearing with an oath that he would drink his blood; and this because Moroni had kept the commandments of God in preparing for the safety of his people [suggesting the possibility that Moroni had followed inspiration in preparing the fortifications]. . Alma 50:1 - And now it came to pass that Moroni did not stop making preparations for war, or to defend his people against the Lamanites; for he caused that his armies should commence in the commencement of the twentieth year of the reign of the judges (~72 BC), that they should commence in digging up heaps of earth round about all the cities, throughout all the land which was possessed by the Nephites. . Alma 50:4 - And he [Moroni (Alma 50:1,6)] caused towers to be erected that overlooked those works of pickets, and he caused places of security to be built upon those towers, that the stones and the arrows of the Lamanites could not hurt them. . Alma 50:10 - And he also placed armies on the south, in the borders of their possessions, and caused them to erect fortifications that they might secure their armies and their people from the hands of their enemies. . Alma 51:26-27 - And thus he went on, taking possession of many cities, the city of Nephihah, and the city of Lehi, and the city of Morianton, and the city of Omner, and the city of Gid, and the city of Mulek, all of which were on the east borders by the seashore. And thus had the Lamanites obtained, by the cunning of Amalickiah, so many cities, by their numberless hosts, all of which were strongly fortified after the manner of the fortifications of Moroni; all of which afforded strongholds for the Lamanites. .  Alma 52:9 - And he also sent orders unto him that he should fortify the land Bountiful, and secure the narrow pass which led into the land northward, lest the Lamanites should obtain that point and should have power to harass them on every side. .
. See also Resort - place of resort (Noah's Great Tower).

Ether 14:15-16 - And it came to pass that Lib did pursue him [from the wilderness of Akish (Ether 14:14)] until he came to the plains of Agosh. And Coriantumr had taken all the people with him as he fled before Lib in that quarter of the land whither he fled. And when he had come to the plains of Agosh he gave battle unto Lib, and he smote upon him until he died; nevertheless, the brother of Lib did come against Coriantumr in the stead thereof, and the battle became exceedingly sore, in the which Coriantumr fled again before the army of the brother of Lib. 
 

Ether 13:27-30 - And it came to pass that Coriantumr was exceedingly angry with Shared, and he went against him with his armies to battle; and they did meet in great anger, and they did meet in the valley of Gilgal; and the battle became exceedingly sore. And it came to pass that Shared fought against him for the space of three days. And it came to pass that Coriantumr beat him, and did pursue him until he came to the plains of Heshlon. And it came to pass that Shared gave him battle again upon the plains; and behold, he did beat Coriantumr, and drove him back again to the valley of Gilgal. And Coriantumr gave Shared battle again in the valley of Gilgal, in which he beat Shared and slew him. 
.

Alma 62:18 - And it came to pass that when they had sent them away they pursued their march towards the land of Nephihah. And it came to pass that when they had come to the city of Nephihah, they did pitch their tents in the plains of Nephihah, which is near the city of Nephihah.

Mormon 2:20-21 - And it came to pass that in this year the people of Nephi again were hunted and driven. And it came to pass that we were driven forth until we had come northward to the land which was called Shem. And it came to pass that we did fortify the city of Shem, and we did gather in our people as much as it were possible, that perhaps we might save them from destruction. 
 

Mosiah 10:7 - But I [Zeniff (Mosiah 9:1)] had sent my spies out round about the land of Shemlon, that I might discover their preparations, that I might guard against them [the Lamanites], that they might not come upon my people and destroy them. And it came to pass that they came up upon the north of the land of Shilom, ... 

Mosiah 11:12 - And it came to pass that he [wicked Nephite king Noah (Mosiah 11:1)] built a tower near the temple; yea, a very high tower [Noah's tower], even so high that he could stand upon the top thereof and overlook the land of Shilom, and also the land of Shemlon, which was possessed by the Lamanites; and he could even look over all the land round about. And it came to pass that he caused many buildings to be built in the land Shilom; and he caused a great tower to be built on the hill north of the land Shilom, which had been a resort for the children of Nephi at the time they fled out of the land; and thus he did do with the riches which he obtained by the taxation of his people. 

Mosiah 20:1,3-5 - NOW there was a place in Shemlon where the daughters of the Lamanites did gather themselves together to sing, and to dance, and to make themselves merry. ... And now the priests of king Noah, ... having discovered the daughters of the Lamanites, they ... took them and carried them into the wilderness; yea, twenty and four of the daughters of the Lamanites they carried into the wilderness. 

Mosiah 24:1 - AND it came to pass that Amulon [conspiring leader of the outcast priests of wicked king Noah (Mosiah 23:32)]did gain favor in the eyes of the king of the Lamanites [king Laman (Mosiah 24:3)]; therefore, the king of the Lamanites granted unto him and his brethren that they should be appointed teachers over his people, yea, even over the people who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the land of Shilom, and in the land of Amulon. 

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

Mosiah 7:7 - And behold, they [Ammon and his brethren (Mosiah 7:2-3)] met the king [Nephite king Limhi] of the people who were in the land of Nephi, and in the land of Shilom; and they were surrounded by the king's guard, and were taken, and were bound, and were committed to prison [in ~121 BC]. 

Mosiah 7:16 - And now, king Limhi commanded his guards that they should no more bind Ammon nor his brethren, but caused that they should go to the hill which was north of Shilom, and bring their brethren into the city, that thereby they might eat, and drink, and rest themselves from the labors of their journey; for they had suffered many things; they had suffered hunger, thirst, and fatigue. 

Mosiah 7:21-22 - And ye all are witnesses this day, that Zeniff [see the Record of Zeniff, Mosiah chapters 9-22, some fragments of which are quoted below], who was made king over this people [in the land of Shilom], he being over-zealous to inherit the land of his fathers, therefore being deceived by the cunning and craftiness of king Laman, who having entered into a treaty with king Zeniff, and having yielded up into his hands the possessions of a part of the land, or even the city of Lehi-Nephi, and the city of Shilom; and the land round about—And all this he did, for the sole purpose of bringing this people into subjection or into bondage. And behold, we at this time do pay tribute to the king of the Lamanites [king Laman], to the amount of one half of our corn, and our barley, and even all our grain of every kind, and one half of the increase of our flocks and our herds; and even one half of all we have or possess the king of the Lamanites [king Laman] doth exact of us, or our lives. 

Mosiah 9:5-8, 10 And it came to pass that I [Zeniff] went again [from the land of Zarahemla, in ~200 BC] with four of my men into the city [likely the city of Lehi-Nephi], in unto the king [Lamanite king Laman], that I might know of the disposition of the king, and that I might know if I might go in with my people and possess the land in peace. And I went in unto the king, and he covenanted with me that I might possess the land of Lehi-Nephi, and the land of Shilom. And he also commanded that his people should depart out of the land, and I and my people went into the land that we might possess it. And we began to build buildings, and to repair the walls of the city, yea, even the walls of the city of Lehi-Nephi, and the city of Shilom. ... Now it was the cunning and the craftiness of king Laman, to bring my people into bondage, that he yielded up the land that we might possess it. 

Mosiah 9:14 - For, in the thirteenth year of my reign [~65 years earlier in ~187 BC] in the land of Nephi, away on the south of the land of Shilom, ... 

Mosiah 10:8 - And it came to pass that they [the Lamanites] came up upon the north of the land of Shilom, with their numerous hosts, ... 

[It is a bit curious that the Lamanites should attack from the north since we think of the Lamanites as possessing in the lands to the south, Shemlon in particular (Mosiah 11:12). Perhaps they attacked from the north to keep Zeniff and his people from escaping northward back to the land of Zarahemla, whence they had come a couple of decades earlier (Mosiah 10:3,5), and which route had been a refuge used by the Nephites much earlier in their migration from the land of Nephi to the land of Zarahemla. (See Note at Noah's Tower).]

. Omni 1:12-13 - Behold, I am Amaleki, the son of Abinadom. Behold, I will speak unto you somewhat concerning Mosiah, who was [later] made king over the land of Zarahemla; for behold, he being warned of the Lord that he should flee out of the land of Nephi, and as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord should also depart out of the land with him, into the wilderness—And it came to pass that he did according as the Lord had commanded him. And they departed out of the land [of Nephi] into the wilderness, as many as would hearken unto the voice of the Lord; and they were led by many preachings and prophesyings. And they were admonished continually by the word of God; and they were led by the power of his arm, through the wilderness until they came down [to the North] into the land which is called the land of Zarahemla..[Since Noah's great tower was on a hill North of the land Shilom (Mosiah 11:13, above), and had been a resort during the Nephite migration from the land of Nephi to the land of Zarahemla, this supports the notion that Zarahemla was to the North of the land of Nephi.]

Mosiah 24:1 - AND it came to pass that Amulon [conspiring leader of the outcast priests of wicked king Noah (Mosiah 23:32)] did gain favor in the eyes of the king of the Lamanites [king Laman (Mosiah 24:3)]; therefore, the king of the Lamanites granted unto him and his brethren that they should be appointed teachers over his people, yea, even over the people who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the land of Shilom, and in the land of Amulon. 

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord [~90 BC]: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom. 

» See also Hill North of Shilom, where Noah's Great Tower was built near the temple.

Alma 23:8-12 - Now, these are they who were converted unto the Lord: The people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Ishmael; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Middoni; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the city of Nephi; And also of the people of the Lamanites who were in the land of Shilom, and who were in the land of Shemlon, and in the city of Lemuel, and in the city of Shimnilom.

Alma 15:1 - AND it came to pass that Alma and Amulek were commanded to depart out of that city [Ammonihah]; and they departed, and came out even into the land of Sidom; and behold, there they found all the people who had departed out of the land of Ammonihah, who had been cast out and stoned, because they believed in the words of Alma. 

Alma 15:3-4,11,12 - And also Zeezrom lay sick at Sidom, ... Now, when he heard that Alma and Amulek were in the land of Sidom, his heart began to take courage; and he sent a message immediately unto them, desiring them to come unto him. ... And when Alma had said these words, Zeezrom leaped upon his feet, [and was cured of his sickness]. ... And Alma baptized Zeezrom unto the Lord; and he began from that time forth to preach unto the people.

Alma 15:13-14 - And Alma established a church in the land of Sidom, and consecrated priests and teachers in the land, to baptize unto the Lord whosoever were desirous to be baptized. And it came to pass that they were many; for they did flock in from all the region round about Sidom, and were baptized. 

Alma 2:15,20 - And it came to pass that the Amlicites came upon the hill Amnihu, which was east of the river Sidon, which ran by the land of Zarahemla, and there they began to make war with the Nephites. ... And it came to pass that when Alma could pursue the Amlicites no longer he caused that his people should pitch their tents in the valley of Gideon, the valley being called after that Gideon who was slain by the hand of Nehor with the sword; and in this valley the Nephites did pitch their tents for the night. 

Alma 2:27,34-35 - And behold, as they were crossing the river Sidon, the Lamanites and the Amlicites, being as numerous almost, as it were, as the sands of the sea, came upon them to destroy them. ... And thus he cleared the ground, or rather the bank, which was on the west of the river Sidon, throwing the bodies of the Lamanites who had been slain into the waters of Sidon, that thereby his people might have room to cross and contend with the Lamanites and the Amlicites on the west side of the river Sidon. And it came to pass that when they had all crossed the river Sidon that the Lamanites and the Amlicites began to flee before them, notwithstanding they were so numerous that they could not be numbered. 

Alma 3:3 - And now as many of the Lamanites and the Amlicites who had been slain upon the bank of the river Sidon were cast into the waters of Sidon; and behold their bones are in the depths of the sea, and they are many. 

Alma 6:7 - And now it came to pass that when Alma had made these regulations he departed from them, yea, from the church which was in the city of Zarahemla, and went over upon the east of the river Sidon, into the valley of Gideon, there having been a city built, which was called the city of Gideon, which was in the valley that was called Gideon, being called after the man who was slain by the hand of Nehor with the sword. 

Alma 8:3 - And it came to pass in the commencement of the tenth year of the reign of the judges over the people of Nephi, that Alma departed from thence and took his journey over into the land of Melek, on the west of the river Sidon, on the west by the borders of the wilderness. 

Alma 16:6 - And it came to pass that Alma inquired of the Lord concerning the matter. And Alma returned and said unto them: Behold, the Lamanites will cross the river Sidon in the south wilderness, away up beyond the borders of the land of Manti. And behold there shall ye meet them, on the east of the river Sidon, and there the Lord will deliver unto thee thy brethren who have been taken captive by the Lamanites. 

Alma 16:7 - And it came to pass that Zoram and his sons crossed over the river Sidon, with their armies, and marched away beyond the borders of Manti into the south wilderness, which was on the east side of the river Sidon.

Alma 22:27 - And it came to pass that the king sent a proclamation throughout all the land, amongst all his people who were in all his land, who were in all the regions round about, which was bordering even to the sea, on the east and on the west, and which was divided from the land of Zarahemla by a narrow strip of wilderness, which ran from the sea east even to the sea west, and round about on the borders of the seashore, and the borders of the wilderness which was on the north by the land of Zarahemla, through the borders of Manti, by the head of the river Sidon, running from the east towards the west—and thus were the Lamanites and the Nephites divided. 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 

Alma 43:31-35 - Therefore, he divided his army and brought a part over into the valley, and concealed them on the east, and on the south of the hill Riplah; And the remainder he concealed in the west valley, on the west of the river Sidon, and so down into the borders of the land Manti. And thus having placed his army according to his desire, he was prepared to meet them. And it came to pass that the Lamanites came up on the north of the hill [Riplah], where a part of the army of Moroni was concealed [on its East and South sides]. And as the Lamanites had passed the hill Riplah [likely on its North side (Alma 43:34)], and came into the [West] valley, and began to cross the river Sidon, the army which was concealed on the south of the hill [Riplah], which was led by a man whose name was Lehi, and he led his army forth and encircled the Lamanites about on the east in their rear. 

Alma 43:39-41 - And it came to pass that the Lamanites became frightened, because of the great destruction among them, even until they began to flee towards the river Sidon. And they were pursued by Lehi and his men; and they were driven by Lehi into the waters of Sidon, and they crossed the waters of Sidon. And Lehi retained his armies upon the [East] bank of the river Sidon that they should not cross [back to the East side]. And it came to pass that Moroni and his army met the Lamanites in the [West] valley, on the other side of the river Sidon, and began to fall upon them and to slay them. 

Alma 43:51,53 - Now, the Lamanites were more numerous, yea, by more than double the number of the Nephites; nevertheless, they were driven insomuch that they were gathered together in one body in the [West] valley, upon the [West] bank by the river Sidon. Therefore when Zerahemnah saw the men of Lehi on the east of the river Sidon, and the armies of Moroni on the west of the river Sidon, that they were encircled about by the Nephites, they were struck with terror. 

Alma 49:16 - And behold, Moroni had appointed Lehi to be chief captain over the men of that city [city of Noah (Alma 49:15)]; and it was that same Lehi who fought with the Lamanites in the valley on the east of the river Sidon.

Alma 50:11 - And thus he cut off all the strongholds of the Lamanites in the east wilderness, yea, and also on the west [Wilderness], fortifying the line between the Nephites and the Lamanites, between the land of Zarahemla and the land of Nephi, from the west sea, running by the head of the river Sidon—the Nephites possessing all the land northward, yea, even all the land which was northward of the land Bountiful, according to their pleasure. 

Alma 56:25 - Neither durst they march down against the city of Zarahemla; neither durst they cross the head of [the river] Sidon, over to the city of Nephihah. 

Mormon 1:10 - And it came to pass that the war began to be among them in the borders of Zarahemla, by the waters of [the river] Sidon.

Alma 39:3,11 - And this is not all, my son [Alma's son Corianton]. Thou didst do that which was grievous unto me; for thou didst forsake the ministry, and did go over into the land of Siron among the borders of the Lamanites, after the harlot Isabel. ... Suffer not yourself to be led away by any vain or foolish thing; suffer not the devil to lead away your heart again after those wicked harlots. Behold, O my son, how great iniquity ye brought upon the Zoramites [who had gathered themselves together [~74 BC] in a land which they called Antionum (Alma 31:3)]; for when they saw your conduct they would not believe in my words. 
 

Alma 16:6 - And it came to pass that Alma inquired of the Lord concerning the matter. And Alma returned and said unto them: Behold, the Lamanites will cross the river Sidon in the south wilderness, away up beyond the borders of the land of Manti. And behold there shall ye meet them, on the east of the river Sidon, and there the Lord will deliver unto thee thy brethren who have been taken captive by the Lamanites. 

Alma 16:7 - And it came to pass that Zoram and his sons crossed over the river Sidon, with their armies, and marched away beyond the borders of Manti into the south wilderness, which was on the east side of the river Sidon. 

Alma 22:29-33 - And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the [Narrow Strip of] wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful. And it bordered upon the land which they called Desolation, it being so far northward that it came into the land which had been peopled and been destroyed [the Jaredites, whose cities are lettered in RED, and which are located in the Land Northward], of whose bones we have spoken, which was discovered by the people of Zarahemla, it being the place of their first landing. And they came from there up into the south wilderness. Thus the land on the northward was called Desolation, and the land on the southward was called Bountiful, it being the wilderness which is filled with all manner of wild animals of every kind, a part of which had come from the land northward for food. And now, it was only the distance of a day and a half’s journey for a Nephite, on the line Bountiful and the land Desolation, from the east to the west sea; and thus the land of Nephi and the land of Zarahemla were nearly surrounded by water, there being a small neck of land between the land northward and the land southward. And it came to pass that the Nephites had inhabited the land Bountiful, even from the east unto the west sea, ... 

Alma 31:3 - Now the Zoramites had gathered themselves together [~74 BC] in a land which they called Antionum, which was east of the land of Zarahemla, which lay nearly bordering upon the seashore, which was south of the land of Jershon, which also bordered upon the wilderness south, which wilderness was full of the Lamanites. [Alma taught on the nearby Hill Onidah].

Alma 43:22 - Behold, now it came to pass that they durst not come against the Nephites in the borders of Jershon; therefore they departed out of the land of Antionum into the [East] wilderness, and took their journey round about in the [South] wilderness, away by the head of the river Sidon, that they might come into the land of Manti and take possession of the land; for they did not suppose that the armies of Moroni would know whither they had gone. 
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Mormon 4:3,6-8,13-14 - And the remainder did flee and join the inhabitants of the city Teancum. Now the city Teancum lay in the borders by the seashore; and it was also near the city Desolation.  ... And it came to pass that the Lamanites did make preparations to come against the city Teancum. And it came to pass in the three hundred and sixty and fourth year [~364 AD] the Lamanites did come against the city Teancum, that they might take possession of the city Teancum also. And it came to pass that they were repulsed and driven back by the Nephites. And when the Nephites saw that they had driven the Lamanites they did again boast of their own strength; and they went forth in their own might, and took possession again of the city Desolation. ... And it came to pass that the Lamanites did take possession of the city Desolation, and this because their number did exceed the number of the Nephites. And they did also march forward against the city Teancum, and did drive the inhabitants forth out of her, and did take many prisoners both women and children, and did offer them up as sacrifices unto their idol gods. 

Moroni 9:7 - And now I [Mormon] write somewhat concerning the sufferings of this people. For according to the knowledge which I have received from Amoron, behold, the Lamanites have many prisoners, which they took from the tower of Sherrizah; and there were men, women, and children. 

Moroni 9:16-17 - And again, my son [Moroni, being written to by his father Mormon], there are many widows and their daughters who remain in Sherrizah; and that part of the provisions which the Lamanites did not carry away, behold, the army of Zenephi has carried away, and left them to wander whithersoever they can for food; and many old women do faint by the way and die. And the army which is with me is weak; and the armies of the Lamanites are betwixt Sherrizah and me; and as many as have fled to the army of Aaron have fallen victims to their awful brutality. 
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Mosiah 24:20-25 - And Alma and his people departed into the wilderness; and when they had traveled all day [from Helam (Mosiah 23:29)] they pitched their tents in a valley, and they called the valley Alma, because he led their way in the wilderness. ... And now the Lord said unto Alma: Haste thee and get thou and this people out of this land, for the Lamanites have awakened and do pursue thee; therefore get thee out of this land, and I will stop the Lamanites in this valley that they come no further in pursuit of this people. And it came to pass that they departed out of the valley [of Alma], and took their journey into the wilderness. And after they had been in the wilderness twelve days they arrived in the land of Zarahemla; and king Mosiah did also receive them with joy. [It was, therefore, 12 days' journey for a large group with their animals, families, etc., from the Valley of Alma to Zarahemla].

Ether 13:27-30 - And it came to pass that Coriantumr was exceedingly angry with Shared, and he went against him with his armies to battle; and they did meet in great anger, and they did meet in the valley of Gilgal; and the battle became exceedingly sore. And it came to pass that Shared fought against him for the space of three days. And it came to pass that Coriantumr beat him, and did pursue him until he came to the plains of Heshlon. And it came to pass that Shared gave him battle again upon the plains; and behold, he did beat Coriantumr, and drove him back again to the valley of Gilgal. And Coriantumr gave Shared battle again in the valley of Gilgal, in which he beat Shared and slew him. 

[3 Nephi 9:6 refers to a city of Gilgal that is not otherwise mentioned in the Book of Mormon. It would seem not to be related to the Jaredite Valley of Gilgal: "And behold, the city of Gilgal have I caused to be sunk, and the inhabitants thereof to be buried up in the depths of the earth;" See the note there.]
 

Ether 14:28 - And they [the army of Shiz (Ether 14:27)] pitched their tents in the valley of Corihor; and Coriantumr pitched his tents in the valley of Shurr. Now the valley of Shurr was near the hill Comnor; wherefore, Coriantumr did gather his armies together upon the hill Comnor, and did sound a trumpet unto the armies of Shiz to invite them forth to battle. 
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Mosiah 18:4-8 - And it came to pass that as many as did believe him did go forth to a place which was called Mormon, having received its name from the king, being in the borders of the land having been infested, by times or at seasons, by wild beasts. Now, there was in Mormon a fountain of pure water, and Alma resorted thither, there being near the water a thicket of small trees, [called the Forest of Mormon] where he did hide himself in the daytime from the searches of the king. And it came to pass that as many as believed him went thither to hear his words. And it came to pass after many days there were a goodly number gathered together at the place of Mormon, to hear the words of Alma. Yea, all were gathered together that believed on his word, to hear him. And he did teach them, and did preach unto them repentance, and redemption, and faith on the Lord. And it came to pass that he said unto them: Behold, here are the waters of Mormon (for thus were they called) ... 

Mosiah 18:16 - And after this manner he did baptize every one that went forth to the place of Mormon; and they were in number about two hundred and four souls; yea, and they were baptized in the waters of Mormon, and were filled with the grace of God. 

Mosiah 18:30,31 - And now it came to pass that all this was done in Mormon, yea, by the waters of Mormon, in the forest that was near the waters of Mormon; yea, the place of Mormon, the waters of Mormon, the forest of Mormon, how beautiful are they to the eyes of them who there came to the knowledge of their Redeemer; yea, and how blessed are they, for they shall sing to his praise forever. And these things were done in the borders of the land [of Nephi], that they might not come to the knowledge of the king. 

Mosiah 25:18 - Therefore, Alma did go forth into the water and did baptize them; yea, he did baptize them after the manner he did his brethren in the waters of Mormon; yea, and as many as he did baptize did belong to the church of God; and this because of their belief on the words of Alma. 

Mosiah 26:15 - Blessed art thou, Alma, and blessed are they who were baptized in the waters of Mormon. Thou art blessed because of thy exceeding faith in the words alone of my servant Abinadi. 

Alma 5:3 - I, Alma, having been consecrated by my father, Alma, to be a high priest over the church of God, he having power and authority from God to do these things, behold, I say unto you that he began to establish a church in the land which was in the borders of Nephi; yea, the land which was called the land of Mormon; yea, and he did baptize his brethren in the waters of Mormon.